1883.] Geology and Paleontology. 969 
corresponds to the Carboniferous of Europe; of Batrachia in the 
rias-jura; and of Reptilia as low as the “ Panchet group of the 
Gondwanas,” probably triassic. Remains of birds have hitherto 
only been found in the Himalayan Siwaliks, and in one instance 
in Sind; while no traces of mammals have yet been detected be- 
low the eocene, and the great majority are pliocene. 
Carboniferous.—M. Ch. Brongniart (Bull. de la Société Geol. de 
France) describes 7itancphasma fayolt, an insect from Commen- 
try, France, differing from recent Phasmidz chiefly in the pro- 
portions of the parts of the thorax. The prothorax is equal in 
length to the meso and metathorax, while in recent species the 
mesothorax is longer than the other two parts. The total length 
of the insect was about 10”. M. Brongniart gives a list of 111 
insects that have been described from carboniferous strata, in- 
cluding the present species and Protophasma dumasii, and adds 
that he has 440 additional species from Commentry, to be de- 
scribed ere long; out of this total of 551, 362 are Blattide. 
Jurassic —Professor J. W. Hulke has published in the Transac- 
tions of the Royal Society what he styles an “attempt” at a 
complete osteology of Hypsilophodon foxii, a British Wealden Di- 
osaur. e restoration is made by so competent a hand 
from an extensive series of remains, in which the bones often 
maintain their normal connections, it may be accepted as authori- 
tative. Hypsilophodon was adapted to climbing on rocks an 
trees, and its manus is more generalized and more lizard-like than 
that of Iguanodon. It is represented in a quadrupedal position. 
€ manus, as shown by the figure of a forearm in the Britis 
Museum, has five digits. 
Stated to have been the common ancestor of four distinct lines 
of Perissodactyls. According to all present evidences, the rhi- 
Noceros group originated in North America——Achenodon, dis- 
coursed upon in the same bulletin by Professor Osborn, is supposed 
by him to be the oldest of the pig family yet discovered. The car- 
Nivorous characters of the skull, in many respects quite ursine, 
are noted, and it is stated that many eocene Perissodactyls also 
have this peculiarity——Another paper contains observations on 
