1883. ] Entomology. 1069 
“I have had from the egg Rutulus and Zolicaon. I have found 
that Rutulus is constantly distinguishable from Turnus, after first 
larval stage at least; that Zolicaon is closer to Asterias than to 
Machaon. I will figure the larve of both species in full and the 
imagos of Rutulus. I have had from egg and got drawings of 
Colias amorphe, and I am not at all certain that it is zot a distinct 
species from C. eurydice. 
“Ihave had all stages of M. chalcedon, and had Phzeton colonizing 
on same plant, so that I could compare the habits of the two species. 
“I have had Lycena melissa from egg to chrysalis, and the 
larva in last stages has the same organs on tenth and eleventh 
segments that pseudargiolus larva has, attracts ants in the same 
way, and gives them fluid to eat. And finally I have over 100 
eggs of Parnassius, either smntheus or something close to it, 
perhaps intermedius, from West Montana 
“That is what I have done so far. I have had eggs of Argyn- 
nis coronis hatch (or perhaps it was callippe) but the larve died. 
“ As to butterflies this year, I have never seen them scarcer.” 
Notes on Pedisca scudderiana—Mr. Riley exhibited plants of 
Solidago containing the larve of this species, and made some 
remarks on its habits which went to reconcile the published con- 
clusions and differences between himself and Dr. Kellicott, and to 
show that while the insect is commonly a gall maker, it was also, 
exceptionally, an inquiline. The specimens showed that the 
habits of the insect were variable, and that the larva was either 
a leaf-crumpler, living in a bunch of curled terminal leaves held 
together by a silken gallery, a stem-borer, without causing any 
swelling, or the maker of a more or less perfect gall. He ha 
also found it as an inquiline in the gall of Gelechia gallesolida- 
ginis, the gall of which was always distinguishable from that of 
e Pedisca; among other things by the burrow of the larva 
always being traceable from the blighted tip of the plant, whereas 
the Pzedisca larva lived at first in the tip, and when making a 
gall always left the tip and bored in at the side. Dr. Keliicott’s 
observations were accurate so far as they went, but did not take 
into account the variation in habit. Mr. Riley had watched these 
larval habits during the present year from the time of hatching, 
and had concluded that the insect combined, in varying degree, 
the four characteristics of gall-maker, leaf-crumpler, stem-borer 
and inquiline. The larva living in the crumpled leaves later in the 
Season had not been reared to the imago, but he had made com- 
parisons of the young larve and found that they were exactly 
alike, but they showed considerable modification as they devel- 
Oped, especially after the last molt. Several other microlepidop-- 
terous larvae bored in the stems and lived among the leaves of 
lidago; while another species, yet unbred, made a gall similar 
to that of Pzedisca; but all the other larve known to him were: 
easily distinguished from Pædisca. 
