1883.] The Geology of Central Australia. 1123 
and the quartz is cavernous. These veins follow the strike of the 
schists, 
(2.) Faulting them are veins of calcite in which are found the 
following minerals: Pyrite, chalcopyrite, malachite, bornite, galenite 
and selenite. None of these minerals are present in any quantity, 
The calcite veins are seldom over six or eight inches in width, 
while on the other hand the quartz veins attain, in some places, a 
diameter of many feet. One in particular, situated near the foot 
of the range at the Peake telegraph station, stands up like a 
gigantic white buttress about fifty feet high, and is nearly eighty 
feet in width. Many similar examples could be given. 
The next formation in age is that forming the Flinders range, 
which we have mentioned as ending abruptly south of Lake 
Eyre. It is probably Cambrian or Lower Silurian, but is so sin- 
gularly destitute of fossils throughout its entire length, that no 
exact data, except from a lithological standpoint, are known. 
The rocks are schists, slates, limestones and quartzites. They are 
very different lithologically from the Archzan rocks ; they strike 
north-west and are much folded and inclined at high angles. 
Metalliferous veins are abundant in them. The great copper de- 
Posits of South Australia are in rocks of this age. The ores are 
sulphides. Carbonates of copper are abundant, but have not as 
yet proved to be permanent. Gold is very generally found in the 
quartz veins which run north-west, following the strike of the 
rocks. The cross veins are not so rich. In the southern parts of 
the range there are large deposits of galenite, which is very gen- 
erally argentiferous. Besides these minerals, deposits of bismuth, 
Sraphite, antimony and manganese are found, but are not worked. 
The Cambrian rocks in fact all over the continent are the richest 
M metalliferous lodes; although quantities of tin are found in the 
granite of the Queensland cordillera. 
Mile Jurassic formation abuts unconformably against these 
“ambrian rocks at their northern termination, It is of vast ex- 
tent, covering the whole of the central part of the great basin. 
M ologically, curiously enough, it bears a striking resemblance 
to other deposits of the same age in various parts of the world, 
na notably in England and in the Western United States. 
€ beds are uniform in character and consist of compact gray 
shell-limestones, gypsiferous marlites, and sandstones. The lime- 
ene is fossiliferous and contains the following characteristic 
