al ae Se a: 
_ THE INTELLIGENCE OF THE AMERICAN TURRET SPIDER. 
; (Old-fashioned chimneys, composed of mud and crossed sti 
_ Sen in the log cabins of pioneer settlers. 
Straight downwards twelve or more inches into the eart 
1883. ] Psychology. 1305 
this experiment must be regarded as conclusive evidence that the 
plates have the chief rôle in coagulation. 
Experiments madé upon animals with nucleated red corpuscles, 
birds and amphibia, showed the presence of a pale nucleated 
blood plate, differing from the white corpuscles, and which has 
functions similar to those of the mammalian blood plate already 
described.— W. H. Howell. 
Dicrst1ion oF Meats AND Mi1K.—Jessen has carried out a 
series of experiments to determine the time necessary for the 
digestion of equal quantities of different meats and of milk. 
Three different methods were employed in the investigation: 1. 
Artificial digestion; 2. Introduction of the meats into the stom- 
ach of a living dog by means of a fistula; 3. Upon a healthy 
man, allowing him-to swallow the foods used and ascertaining the 
time of digestion by means of the stomach pump. The results 
obtained by the different methods were, on the whole, uniform, 
as far as the relative time necessary for digestion in each case 
was concerned, and may be stated as follows: Raw beef and 
mutton were digested most quickly; for half-boiled beef and 
raw veal, a longer time is necessary; thoroughly boiled and half- 
roasted beef, raw pork and sour cow’s milk followed next; fresh 
cow’s milk, skimmed milk and goat’s milk were still less easily 
digested ; while the longest time was required for thoroughly 
roasted meats and boiled milk.— Science. 
AnmmaL CuLoropHyiyt.—Th. W. Engelmann has investigated 
the function of the coloring matter of the green Vorticella, and 
comes to the conclusion that it possesess fully the physiological 
powers of vegetable chlorophyll, causing the evolution of oxy- 
gen under the influence of sunlight and probably serving the ani- 
Mal as an organ of assimilation. This view is contradictory to 
the belief of most of those who have investigated this subject, 
Which is, that chlorophyli found in animal protoplasm is really o 
Vegetable origin maintaining a more or less parasitic residence 
In it, 
PSYCHOLOGY. 
—The 
Rev. H. C. McCook exhibited nests of Zi arentula arenicola Scud- 
From half an inch to 
le it extends 
one inch of the tube projects above ground, whi h The 
oo re or 
kojecting portion or turret is in the form of a pentagon, MOF 
small 
regular, and is built up of bits of grass, stalks ob straw, oe 
stalks | aod 
twigs, &c., laid across each other at the corners. The upper ag 
