﻿38 
  

  

  CIRCULAR 
  2 
  7 
  0, 
  U. 
  S. 
  DEPARTMENT 
  OF 
  AGRICULTURE 
  

  

  moth 
  of 
  the 
  eastern 
  form 
  has 
  sev- 
  

   eral 
  narrow 
  yellow 
  bands 
  on 
  the 
  

   abdomen 
  and 
  yellow^ 
  markings 
  on 
  

   the 
  wdngs 
  ; 
  these 
  do 
  not 
  appear 
  on 
  

   males 
  of 
  the 
  western 
  variety. 
  

   Otherw^ise 
  the 
  two 
  forms 
  are 
  sim- 
  

   ilar 
  in 
  appearance 
  and 
  their 
  habits 
  

   are 
  the 
  same. 
  

  

  The 
  moths 
  appear 
  in 
  the 
  or- 
  

   chards 
  in 
  July 
  and 
  August, 
  flying 
  

   about 
  actively 
  during 
  the 
  warm 
  

   part 
  of 
  the 
  day. 
  Each 
  female 
  lays 
  

   several 
  hundred 
  oval, 
  cinnamon- 
  

   brown 
  eggs, 
  singly 
  or 
  in 
  groups 
  on 
  

   the 
  tree 
  trunks. 
  The 
  eggs 
  hatch 
  

   in 
  about 
  10 
  days, 
  and 
  the 
  young 
  

   borers 
  crawl 
  down 
  the 
  trunks 
  and 
  

   enter 
  the 
  damp 
  bark 
  just 
  beneath 
  

   the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  soil. 
  At 
  once 
  

   they 
  begin 
  feeding 
  on 
  the 
  inner 
  

   bark 
  and 
  continue 
  doing 
  so 
  until 
  

   late 
  in 
  the 
  fall, 
  remaining 
  quietly 
  

   in 
  the 
  burrow^s 
  during 
  the 
  winter. 
  

   In 
  the 
  spring 
  feeding 
  is 
  resumed, 
  

   and 
  the 
  borers 
  become 
  full-grown 
  

   in 
  May 
  and 
  June, 
  when 
  they 
  are 
  

   about 
  1 
  inch 
  long, 
  yellowish 
  white 
  

   or 
  cream-colored, 
  with 
  brown 
  

   heads. 
  They 
  construct 
  cocoons 
  of 
  

   silk 
  and 
  frass 
  at 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  

   soil, 
  either 
  in 
  the 
  tunnel 
  or 
  close 
  

   to 
  the 
  trunk, 
  within 
  which 
  they 
  

   change 
  to 
  pupae 
  and 
  several 
  weeks 
  

   later 
  to 
  moths. 
  There 
  is 
  only 
  one 
  

   generation 
  annually. 
  

  

  CONTROL 
  

  

  An 
  effective 
  control 
  measure 
  for 
  

   peach 
  tree 
  borers 
  is 
  ethylene 
  di- 
  

   chloride 
  or 
  propylene 
  dichloride, 
  

   or 
  paradichlorobenzene 
  placed 
  

   about 
  the 
  tree 
  trunks 
  in 
  the 
  fall 
  to 
  

   kill 
  the 
  young 
  borers. 
  These 
  ma- 
  

   terials 
  may 
  also 
  be 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  

   spring, 
  but 
  are 
  more 
  effective 
  in 
  

   the 
  fall. 
  Ethylene 
  dichloride 
  or 
  

   propylene 
  dichloride 
  are 
  used 
  in 
  

   the 
  emulsion 
  form, 
  the 
  concentra- 
  

   tion 
  and 
  quantity 
  of 
  which 
  should 
  

   be 
  varied 
  with 
  the 
  age 
  of 
  the 
  trees. 
  

   Paradichlorobenzene, 
  which 
  comes 
  

   in 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  white 
  crystals 
  and 
  

   produces 
  a 
  gas 
  that 
  is 
  heavier 
  than 
  

  

  air, 
  should 
  be 
  applied 
  at 
  the 
  rate 
  

   of 
  14 
  to 
  IV2 
  ounces 
  per 
  tree. 
  When 
  

   properly 
  used, 
  these 
  materials 
  kill 
  

   practically 
  all 
  the 
  borers 
  without 
  

   injuring 
  the 
  trees, 
  and 
  they 
  are 
  

   not 
  harmful 
  to 
  man 
  or 
  animals. 
  

   Specific 
  directions 
  for 
  their 
  use 
  

   should 
  be 
  obtained 
  from 
  the 
  State 
  

   Extension 
  Service. 
  

  

  The 
  ground 
  should 
  be 
  leveled 
  off', 
  

   and 
  the 
  chemical 
  placed 
  around 
  

   the 
  tree 
  trunk 
  in 
  a 
  ring 
  1 
  or 
  2 
  

   inches 
  wide 
  about 
  1% 
  inches 
  from 
  

   the 
  trunk 
  (fig. 
  45). 
  Care 
  should 
  

  

  Figure 
  45. 
  — 
  Paradichlorobenzcjie 
  placed 
  

   at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  a 
  peach 
  tree 
  to 
  control 
  

   the 
  peach 
  borer. 
  

  

  be 
  taken 
  not 
  to 
  let 
  the 
  chemical 
  

   come 
  in 
  contact 
  with 
  the 
  tree 
  trunk 
  

   lest 
  it 
  injure 
  the 
  tree, 
  but 
  if 
  the 
  

   ring 
  is 
  more 
  than 
  2 
  inches 
  away, 
  it 
  

   will 
  be 
  less 
  effective. 
  The 
  ring 
  

   should 
  be 
  covered 
  with 
  several 
  

   shovelfuls 
  of 
  earth, 
  which 
  should 
  

   be 
  packed 
  down 
  with 
  the 
  back 
  of 
  

   the 
  shovel. 
  The 
  material 
  should 
  

   be 
  applied 
  between 
  August 
  15 
  and 
  

   September 
  15, 
  while 
  the 
  borers 
  are 
  

   small 
  and 
  easily 
  killed. 
  

  

  