Circular No. 270 



Issued August 1933, Revised June 1941 



Washington, D. C. 



UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE 



Orchard Insects of the Pacific Northwest 

 and Their Control 



By E. J. Newcomer, senior entomologist, Division of Fruit Insect Investigations, 

 Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine l 



CONTENTS 



Page 



Introduction... 2 



Apple and pear insects 2 



Codling moth 2 



San Jose scale 9 



Oystershell scale 12 



Cottony maple scale 13 



Fruit tree leaf roller 14 



Red spiders 16 



Pear leaf blister mite 20 



Rust mite 22 



Rosyapple aphid 22 



Apple aphid 23 



Woolly apple aphid 24 



Treehoppers 27 



Tarnished plant bug 28 



Boxelder bug 31 



Climbing cutworms 31 



Green fruitworms 34 



Eye-spotted budmoth 34 



Flatheaded borers 35 



Pear blight beetle 36 



Bronze apple tree weevil 36 



Flower thrips 36 



Pear thrips 37 



Apple leaf hoppers 38 



Syneta leaf beetle 39 



Western tent caterpillar 39 



Fall webworm 40 



Tussock moths 41 



Apple lacebug 41 



Apple leaf miner 42 



Apple fruit miner 42 



Pear slug 43 



Pear leaf worm 44 



Docksawfly 45 



Ants 45 



Cherry insects 46 



San Jose scale 46 



Black cherry aphid 46 



Red spiders 47 



Cherry fruitfly 48 



Pear slug 49 



Syneta leaf beetle 49 



Pear blight beetle 51 



Pear thrips 51 



i Credit is given to the following authors for illustrations in this circular which have appeared in earlier 

 publications: A. L. Quaintance and E. H. Siegler, figures 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 23, 25, 

 26, 28, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 44, 47, 48, 50, 51, 55, 68, and 72; E. J. Newcomer and M. A. Yothers, figures 4, 

 5, 17, and 19; M. A. Yothers, figures 29 and 30; C. A. Weigel and W. Middleton, figure 31; S. E. Crumb, 

 figure 36; R. L. Nouearet, W. M. Davidson, and E. J. Newcomer, figure 52; D. F. Fisher and E. J. New- 

 comer, figure 58; A. L. Quaintance and A. C. Baker, figures 60, 71, and 77; O. I. Snapp, figures 61 and 62; 

 B. A. Porter, figure 66; F. H. Chittenden, figure 75; E. A. McGregor, figure 76; and C. L. Marlatt, figure 

 79. The photograph for figure 49 was furnished by the Oregon AsTieultural Experiment Station and the 

 photograph for figure 67 was furnished by the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station. The assistance of 

 members of tbe staff of the Yakima, Wash., laboratory of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, 

 and of members of the various experiment stations in the Pacific Northwest is gratefully acknowledged. 



291255°— 41 1 1 



Page 



Prune and plum insects 51 



San Jose scale 51 



European fruit lecanium 51 



Aphids 52 



Red spiders 53 



Rust mite 53 



Peach borer 53 



Other borers 56 



Pear thrips 56 



Eye-spotted budmoth 57 



Lesser appleworm 59 



Destructive prune worm 59 



Snowy tree cricket 60 



Syneta leaf beetle 61 



Caterpillars 62 



Peach twig borer 62 



Peach insects _ 62 



Green peach aphid 62 



Black peach aphid 63 



Peach twig borer 64 



San Jose scale 65 



European fruit lecanium 65 



Climbing cutworms 65 



Peach borer 65 



Stone flies 66 



Nut insects 66 



Filbert worm 66 



Walnut aphid 66 



Beneficial insects 67 



Spray materials 70 



Lead arsenate 70 



Fluorine compounds 71 



Lime-sulfur 71 



Lubricating-oil emulsions 72 



Nicotine 73 



Pyrethrum 73 



Rotenone 74 



Spreaders and stickers 74 



Spraying schedules 74 



Dusting materials 75 



Tree-banding materials 75 



Baitsand lights 76 



Orchard methods and sanitation 77 



Index 79 



