﻿XV111 
  

  

  AMERICAN 
  HOMES 
  AND 
  GARDENS 
  

  

  January, 
  1907 
  

  

  WHEN 
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  BUILD, 
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  RIGHT 
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  Genuine 
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  19 
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  Ik* 
  SCIENTIFIC 
  AMERICAN 
  BOY 
  

  

  By 
  A. 
  RUSSELL 
  BOND 
  

  

  12mo. 
  320 
  Pages. 
  340 
  Illustrations. 
  Price, 
  $2.00, 
  Postpaid. 
  

  

  STOrVY 
  OF 
  OUTDOOR 
  BOY 
  LIFE, 
  suggesting 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  diversions 
  which, 
  aside 
  from 
  

   affording 
  entertainment, 
  will 
  stimulate 
  in 
  boys 
  the 
  creative 
  spirit. 
  Complete 
  practical 
  instructions 
  are 
  

   given 
  for 
  building 
  the 
  various 
  articles. 
  The 
  book 
  contains 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  miscellaneous 
  devices, 
  

   such 
  as 
  scows, 
  canoes, 
  windmills, 
  water 
  wheels, 
  etc. 
  

  

  MUNN 
  dr 
  CO. 
  

  

  Publishers 
  of 
  

   SCIENTIFIC 
  AMERICAN' 
  

  

  361 
  Broadway, 
  New 
  York 
  

  

  males, 
  and 
  the 
  Narragansett 
  is 
  only 
  a 
  little 
  

   smaller. 
  The 
  Black, 
  turkey 
  has 
  been 
  of 
  great 
  

   breeding 
  value 
  because 
  of 
  the 
  results 
  obtained 
  

   in 
  crossing 
  it 
  with 
  the 
  wild 
  turkey, 
  and 
  more 
  

   recently 
  by 
  interbreeding 
  with 
  the 
  Bronze. 
  

   Its 
  size 
  is 
  smaller 
  than 
  either 
  of 
  the 
  other 
  two 
  

   popular 
  varieties, 
  but 
  good 
  breeding 
  and 
  selec- 
  

   tion 
  have 
  steadily 
  increased 
  the 
  bird's 
  weight 
  

   until 
  it 
  stands 
  high 
  among 
  the 
  popular 
  breeds. 
  

   The 
  White, 
  or 
  the 
  White 
  Holland, 
  turkey 
  

   has 
  grown 
  into 
  popularity 
  among 
  the 
  Rhode 
  

   Island 
  breeders, 
  and 
  many 
  of 
  them 
  devote 
  

   their 
  time 
  exclusively 
  to 
  raising 
  them. 
  The 
  

   White 
  turkey 
  was 
  probably 
  originally 
  a 
  sport 
  

   or 
  albino 
  from 
  other 
  varieties, 
  but 
  through 
  

   careful 
  breeding 
  and 
  selection 
  the 
  type 
  has 
  

   been 
  permanently 
  established. 
  The 
  Whites 
  

   have 
  been 
  crossed 
  with 
  the 
  Bronze, 
  Blacks, 
  

   and 
  Narragansetts. 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  Buff 
  and 
  Slate 
  turkeys 
  named 
  

   among 
  the 
  standard 
  varieties, 
  but 
  neither 
  of 
  

   these 
  is 
  very 
  popular. 
  They 
  are 
  never 
  seen 
  

   at 
  exhibitions, 
  for 
  they 
  are 
  not 
  true 
  to 
  color. 
  

   They 
  are 
  found 
  on 
  many 
  farms 
  and 
  ranges, 
  

   but 
  their 
  colorings 
  are 
  always 
  mixed. 
  A 
  true 
  

   slate 
  or 
  buff 
  is 
  a 
  novelty 
  among 
  them. 
  They 
  

   are 
  rather 
  diminutive 
  in 
  size, 
  and 
  very 
  wild 
  

   in 
  their 
  tendencies. 
  The 
  Bourbon 
  Reds 
  is 
  a 
  

   variety 
  which 
  has 
  received 
  some 
  special 
  atten- 
  

   tion 
  from 
  breeders 
  in 
  recent 
  years, 
  and 
  they 
  

   have 
  been 
  bred 
  until 
  many 
  of 
  them 
  are 
  as 
  large 
  

   and 
  heavy 
  as 
  the 
  Bronze. 
  They 
  have 
  white 
  

   wings 
  and 
  cinnamon-colored 
  bodies. 
  

  

  Turkeys 
  for 
  the 
  country 
  estate 
  and 
  small 
  

   home 
  with 
  a 
  few 
  acres 
  surrounding 
  it 
  are 
  popu- 
  

   lar 
  birds, 
  for 
  they 
  combine 
  the 
  useful 
  with 
  the 
  

   ornamental. 
  They 
  are 
  best 
  adapted 
  to 
  places 
  

   with 
  plenty 
  of 
  woodland 
  and 
  meadow 
  range, 
  

   where 
  they 
  can 
  roam 
  undisturbed 
  during 
  their 
  

   breeding 
  and 
  growing 
  age. 
  If 
  given 
  a 
  fair 
  

   range, 
  the 
  turkeys 
  will 
  not 
  stray 
  beyond 
  it, 
  

   but 
  if 
  confined 
  in 
  restricted 
  quarters 
  they 
  will 
  

   steal 
  away 
  whenever 
  possible 
  to 
  fields 
  beyond. 
  

   A 
  woodland 
  range 
  of 
  half 
  a 
  dozen 
  or 
  more 
  

   acres 
  furnishes 
  an 
  ideal 
  home 
  for 
  turkeys, 
  and 
  

   they 
  thrive 
  in 
  such 
  places 
  so 
  well 
  that 
  ordi- 
  

   nary 
  diseases 
  and 
  epidemics 
  that 
  attack 
  con- 
  

   fined 
  birds 
  rarely 
  decimate 
  their 
  numbers. 
  

  

  Turkey 
  breeding 
  on 
  the 
  country 
  home 
  

   should 
  be 
  sharply 
  defined 
  from 
  the 
  wholesale 
  

   raising 
  and 
  fattening 
  of 
  turkeys 
  on 
  the 
  west- 
  

   ern 
  ranch 
  and 
  "turkey 
  foundry" 
  where 
  market 
  

   utility 
  alone 
  is 
  considered. 
  The 
  mixed 
  variety 
  

   of 
  "barn-yard" 
  and 
  "ranch 
  turkey" 
  found 
  on 
  

   these 
  large 
  western 
  ranges 
  is 
  anything 
  but 
  

   attractive 
  to 
  the 
  lover 
  of 
  fine 
  birds, 
  and 
  the 
  

   toughness 
  of 
  their 
  meat 
  when 
  finally 
  brought 
  

   to 
  our 
  Thanksgiving 
  table 
  is 
  little 
  more 
  ap- 
  

   pealing 
  to 
  our 
  esthetic 
  tastes 
  than 
  their 
  ap- 
  

   pearance. 
  

  

  The 
  high-bred 
  turkeys 
  of 
  the 
  private 
  estate 
  

   or 
  modern 
  country 
  home 
  are 
  products 
  of 
  

   skilled 
  breeding 
  and 
  intelligent 
  selection. 
  

   They 
  give 
  pleasure 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  profit, 
  and 
  prove 
  

   of 
  value 
  to 
  the 
  grass 
  fields, 
  the 
  low 
  woodlands, 
  

   and 
  the 
  meadows. 
  They 
  still 
  possess 
  the 
  

   roaming 
  tendencies 
  of 
  their 
  ancestors 
  to 
  a 
  

   degree, 
  and 
  they 
  prefer 
  nothing 
  to 
  searching 
  

   for 
  their 
  dinner 
  in 
  the 
  meadows 
  and 
  woods. 
  

   They 
  devour 
  bugs 
  and 
  worms 
  by 
  the 
  thou- 
  

   sands, 
  for 
  to 
  them 
  the 
  ordinary 
  noxious 
  insect 
  

   is 
  a 
  dainty 
  morsel 
  for 
  consumption. 
  

  

  The 
  Bronze 
  turkeys 
  are 
  the 
  greatest 
  

   roamers 
  of 
  the 
  whole 
  tribe, 
  with 
  the 
  Whites 
  

   and 
  Blacks 
  the 
  least 
  inclined 
  to 
  stray 
  away 
  of 
  

   any 
  of 
  the 
  breeds. 
  The 
  former 
  should 
  have 
  

   at 
  least 
  twenty 
  acres 
  for 
  a 
  range, 
  and 
  the 
  latter 
  

   may 
  be 
  raised 
  with 
  fair 
  success 
  on 
  ten 
  acres. 
  

   A 
  small 
  place 
  of 
  four 
  or 
  five 
  acres 
  offers 
  few 
  

   inducements 
  to 
  turkey-raising 
  except 
  for 
  pleas- 
  

   ure 
  and 
  exhibition 
  purposes. 
  Some 
  of 
  our 
  

   best 
  exhibition 
  birds, 
  however, 
  have 
  come 
  from 
  

   country 
  places 
  of 
  a 
  few 
  acres 
  in 
  extent 
  where 
  

   the 
  owners 
  made 
  up 
  for 
  the 
  lack 
  of 
  room 
  by 
  

   greater 
  attention 
  to 
  their 
  individual 
  needs. 
  

   The 
  spoon-bred 
  and 
  chestnut-fattened 
  turkeys 
  

  

  