﻿November, 
  1907 
  

  

  AMERICAN 
  HOMES 
  AND 
  GARDENS 
  

  

  XV 
  

  

  portant 
  factor 
  in 
  putting 
  your 
  plants 
  in 
  good 
  

   condition 
  for 
  winter 
  work. 
  

  

  Look 
  to 
  the 
  potted 
  bulbs. 
  If 
  any 
  have 
  be- 
  

   gun 
  to 
  make 
  top-growth, 
  put 
  them 
  in 
  the 
  

   window. 
  But 
  leave 
  those 
  which 
  have 
  not 
  

   begun 
  to 
  grow 
  in 
  cold 
  storage 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  

   possible, 
  if 
  you 
  want 
  to 
  prolong 
  the 
  period 
  

   of 
  their 
  flowering. 
  

  

  CONSTRUCTION 
  AND 
  CARE 
  OF 
  

   THE 
  HOTBED 
  

  

  By 
  Ida 
  D. 
  Bennett 
  

  

  TO 
  ENDEAVOR 
  to 
  garden 
  without 
  the 
  

   promoting 
  aid 
  of 
  a 
  well-constructed 
  and 
  

   equipped 
  hotbed 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  seriously 
  handi- 
  

   capped 
  in 
  one's 
  gardening 
  operations 
  through- 
  

   out 
  the 
  summer, 
  as 
  its 
  use 
  advances 
  the 
  season, 
  

   from 
  six 
  weeks 
  to 
  two 
  months 
  being 
  gained 
  

   in 
  the 
  maturity 
  of 
  the 
  plants 
  set 
  out. 
  Take, 
  

   for 
  instance, 
  that 
  popular 
  flower 
  the 
  cosmos, 
  

   the 
  growing 
  of 
  the 
  larger 
  varieties 
  of 
  which 
  

   is 
  practically 
  futile 
  without 
  the 
  hotbed, 
  as, 
  

   planted 
  in 
  the 
  open 
  ground 
  in 
  May, 
  after 
  all 
  

   danger 
  of 
  frost 
  is 
  passed, 
  they 
  will 
  not 
  come 
  

   into 
  bloom 
  before 
  September, 
  when 
  the 
  first 
  

   frost 
  catches 
  them 
  in 
  their 
  first 
  blooming. 
  But 
  

   if 
  the 
  seed 
  is 
  planted 
  in 
  the 
  hotbed 
  late 
  in 
  

   March 
  or 
  the 
  first 
  of 
  April 
  they 
  will 
  fre- 
  

   quently 
  be 
  in 
  bud 
  when 
  transplanted 
  from 
  the 
  

   frames 
  to 
  the 
  open 
  ground 
  and 
  continue 
  to 
  

   bloom 
  all 
  summer. 
  

  

  The 
  hotbed 
  has 
  its 
  phases 
  of 
  opulence, 
  

   where 
  it 
  appears 
  in 
  walls 
  of 
  brick, 
  or 
  stone, 
  

   or 
  cement, 
  with 
  the 
  regulation 
  florist's 
  sash, 
  

   or 
  it 
  may 
  owe 
  its 
  humble 
  origin 
  to 
  waste 
  lum- 
  

   ber 
  about 
  the 
  place 
  and 
  discarded 
  window- 
  

   sash. 
  There 
  are 
  certain 
  advantages 
  in 
  the 
  

   more 
  solidly 
  built 
  masonry 
  as 
  compared 
  to 
  the 
  

   timber 
  construction, 
  in 
  that 
  it 
  affords 
  a 
  more 
  

   even 
  temperature 
  and 
  successfully 
  resists 
  the 
  

   incursions 
  of 
  moles, 
  mice 
  and 
  like 
  vermin 
  ; 
  

   it 
  is, 
  moreover, 
  permanent 
  — 
  a 
  pit 
  lined 
  with 
  

   brick 
  or 
  concrete, 
  well 
  constructed 
  and 
  care- 
  

   fully 
  drained, 
  should 
  last 
  twenty 
  years, 
  while 
  

   the 
  light 
  frame 
  construction 
  will 
  not 
  be 
  good 
  

   for 
  more 
  than 
  three. 
  

  

  If 
  built 
  of 
  boards 
  the 
  material 
  should 
  be 
  as 
  

   heavy 
  as 
  possible 
  and 
  entirely 
  free 
  from 
  knot 
  

   holes, 
  or 
  if 
  such 
  holes 
  unavoidably 
  exist, 
  they 
  

   should 
  be 
  masked 
  with 
  pieces 
  of 
  tin 
  nailed 
  on. 
  

   A 
  few 
  such 
  holes 
  in 
  an 
  old 
  hotbed 
  of 
  mine 
  a 
  

   few 
  years 
  ago 
  resulted, 
  one 
  night, 
  in 
  the 
  al- 
  

   most 
  total 
  loss 
  of 
  the 
  entire 
  sowing 
  of 
  seeds, 
  

   a 
  mouse 
  having 
  in 
  that 
  time 
  unearthed 
  and 
  

   eaten 
  all 
  the 
  salvia, 
  and 
  other 
  hard-shelled 
  

   seeds, 
  and 
  left 
  the 
  empty 
  shells 
  scattered 
  over 
  

   the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  soil. 
  

  

  The 
  first 
  essential 
  in 
  constructing 
  a 
  hotbed 
  

   is 
  a 
  pit, 
  which 
  should 
  be 
  about 
  four 
  feet 
  deep 
  

   and 
  of 
  a 
  size 
  to 
  correspond 
  with 
  the 
  sash 
  to 
  

   be 
  used. 
  The 
  sides 
  should 
  be 
  left 
  as 
  even 
  and 
  

   firm 
  as 
  possible. 
  The 
  frame 
  of 
  the 
  bed 
  is 
  

   constructed 
  — 
  if 
  of 
  boards 
  — 
  with 
  four 
  corner 
  

   posts 
  of 
  three-inch 
  stuff, 
  the 
  rear 
  posts 
  being 
  

   about 
  six 
  or 
  eight 
  inches 
  higher 
  than 
  the 
  front 
  

   ones 
  ; 
  onto 
  these 
  the 
  sides 
  and 
  ends 
  are 
  se- 
  

   curely 
  nailed, 
  the 
  bottom 
  of 
  the 
  frame 
  being 
  

   square, 
  the 
  slope 
  being 
  at 
  the 
  top. 
  Usually 
  if 
  

   the 
  frame 
  is 
  made 
  of 
  six 
  or 
  eight-inch 
  boards, 
  

   by 
  sawing 
  one 
  end 
  board 
  in 
  two 
  on 
  the 
  bias 
  

   it 
  will 
  provide 
  the 
  top 
  boards 
  for 
  each 
  end, 
  

   and 
  be 
  on 
  the 
  right 
  slope. 
  Where 
  old 
  win- 
  

   dow 
  sash 
  are 
  used 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  found 
  convenient 
  

   in 
  handling 
  to 
  hinge 
  them 
  to 
  the 
  back 
  of 
  the 
  

   frame, 
  which 
  they 
  should 
  cover 
  snugly. 
  

  

  The 
  construction 
  of 
  permanent 
  beds 
  of 
  

   rrasonry 
  is 
  along 
  practically 
  the 
  same 
  lines; 
  

   the 
  pit, 
  however, 
  should 
  be 
  dug 
  about 
  four 
  

   inches 
  larger 
  to 
  allow 
  for 
  the 
  laying 
  of 
  the 
  

   brick 
  or 
  cement. 
  Where 
  concrete 
  is 
  used 
  — 
  

   and 
  this 
  is 
  probably 
  the 
  most 
  permanent 
  form 
  

   of 
  hotbed 
  — 
  a 
  rough 
  frame 
  of 
  boards 
  should 
  

  

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