﻿XII 
  

  

  AMERICAN 
  HOMES 
  AND 
  GARDENS 
  

  

  December, 
  1907 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  where 
  we 
  manufacture 
  our 
  Monarch 
  Porcelain 
  Ware 
  

   Trenton, 
  New 
  Jersey 
  

  

  Uniformity 
  §f 
  Design 
  

  

  Architects 
  DO 
  appreciate 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  by 
  specifying 
  

   Wolff 
  Plumbing 
  Material 
  exclusively 
  they 
  are 
  

   protecting 
  their 
  clients 
  from 
  the 
  annoying 
  con- 
  

   fusion 
  of 
  design 
  and 
  mechanical 
  standards 
  that 
  

   is 
  sure 
  to 
  creep 
  into 
  even 
  the 
  most 
  carefully 
  

   selected 
  line 
  of 
  "assembled" 
  plumbing 
  equipment. 
  

  

  L. 
  WOLFF 
  

  

  MANUFACTURING 
  

   COMPANY 
  

  

  Established 
  1855 
  

  

  Manufacturers 
  of 
  PLUMBING 
  GOODS 
  EXCLUSIVELY 
  

  

  The 
  Only 
  Complete 
  Line 
  Made 
  by 
  Any 
  One 
  Firm 
  

  

  Showrooms: 
  91 
  Dearborn 
  St. 
  

   Denver 
  CHICAGO 
  Trenton 
  

  

  Paint 
  

  

  That 
  Wears 
  

  

  is 
  Paint 
  Based 
  on 
  

  

  Oxide 
  of 
  Zinc 
  

  

  THE 
  NEW 
  JERSEY 
  ZINC 
  CO, 
  

  

  71 
  Broadway, 
  New 
  York 
  

  

  We 
  do 
  not 
  grind 
  z. 
  c 
  in 
  oil. 
  A 
  list 
  of 
  manufacturers 
  of 
  zinc 
  paints 
  sent 
  on 
  application. 
  

  

  GARDEN 
  NOTES 
  FOR 
  

   DECEMBER 
  

  

  DO 
  NOT 
  neglect 
  to 
  take 
  in 
  the 
  lawn- 
  

   mower, 
  and 
  all 
  other 
  tools 
  used 
  about 
  

   the 
  home 
  grounds, 
  before 
  the 
  closing 
  in 
  

  

  of 
  winter. 
  To 
  leave 
  these 
  exposed 
  to 
  the 
  

   weather 
  the 
  year 
  round 
  is 
  to 
  shorten 
  their 
  

   usefulness 
  at 
  least 
  a 
  third. 
  Neglected 
  tools 
  

   are 
  never 
  in 
  satisfactory 
  working 
  condition. 
  

  

  Last 
  season 
  I 
  had 
  an 
  old 
  hoe, 
  which 
  had 
  

   outlived 
  its 
  usefulness 
  in 
  its 
  original 
  shape, 
  cut 
  

   into 
  V-shape 
  at 
  the 
  blacksmith 
  shop. 
  This 
  

   1 
  found 
  extremely 
  useful 
  in 
  working 
  among 
  

   seedling 
  plants, 
  as 
  its 
  point 
  enabled 
  me 
  to 
  pick 
  

   weeds 
  away 
  from 
  the 
  .seedlings 
  growing 
  near 
  

   them 
  without 
  disturbing 
  the 
  latter 
  in 
  the 
  least. 
  

   This 
  one 
  can 
  not 
  do 
  very 
  well 
  with 
  the 
  ordi- 
  

   nary 
  wide-bladed 
  hoe. 
  Another 
  hoe 
  was 
  cut 
  

   away 
  on 
  each 
  back 
  corner, 
  leaving 
  the 
  blade 
  

   as 
  wide 
  in 
  front 
  as 
  it 
  was 
  originally, 
  but 
  only 
  

   an 
  inch 
  in 
  depth 
  at 
  its! 
  ends. 
  This 
  reduction 
  

   of 
  its 
  surface 
  prevented 
  it 
  from 
  clogging 
  when 
  

   working 
  in 
  damp 
  soil, 
  and 
  just 
  as 
  much 
  work 
  

   could 
  be 
  done 
  with 
  it 
  as 
  with 
  a 
  hoe 
  of 
  ordi- 
  

   nary 
  width. 
  

  

  If 
  the 
  cellar 
  wall 
  is 
  high 
  and 
  exposed, 
  bank- 
  

   ing 
  may 
  have 
  to 
  be 
  resorted 
  to 
  to 
  keep 
  out 
  

   frost. 
  This 
  ought 
  to 
  be 
  done 
  before 
  very 
  cold 
  

   weather 
  sets 
  in. 
  Frozen 
  so.il 
  will 
  not 
  pack 
  

   down 
  compactly. 
  Make 
  the 
  bank 
  rather 
  

   wide, 
  and 
  slope 
  it 
  at 
  such 
  an 
  angle 
  that 
  boards 
  

   can 
  be 
  laid 
  over 
  it, 
  overlapping 
  in 
  shingle 
  

   fashion, 
  to 
  carry 
  off 
  rain. 
  A 
  dry 
  soil 
  keeps 
  

   out 
  the 
  cold 
  much 
  more 
  effectively 
  than 
  a 
  

   wet 
  one. 
  It 
  also 
  prevents 
  a 
  good 
  deal 
  of 
  the 
  

   dampness 
  which 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  many 
  cellars, 
  

   banked 
  in 
  such 
  a 
  manner 
  that 
  the 
  soil 
  used 
  

   becomes 
  wet 
  with 
  fall 
  rains, 
  and 
  remains 
  in 
  

   that 
  condition 
  throughout 
  the 
  winter. 
  Of 
  

   course 
  freezing 
  puts 
  an 
  end 
  to 
  the 
  moisture's 
  

   seeping 
  through 
  the 
  wall, 
  but 
  it 
  does 
  not 
  re- 
  

   move 
  the 
  disagreeable 
  and 
  unsanitary 
  condi- 
  

   tions 
  which 
  result 
  from 
  defective 
  banking 
  on 
  

   the 
  interior 
  of 
  the 
  cellar. 
  

  

  Let 
  me 
  put 
  in 
  a 
  plea 
  for 
  the 
  above-ground 
  

   cellar. 
  I 
  would 
  never 
  use 
  a 
  cellar 
  under 
  the 
  

   dwelling 
  for 
  the 
  storing 
  of 
  vegetables. 
  Noth- 
  

   ing 
  more 
  unsanitary 
  can 
  well 
  be 
  imagined. 
  

   Many 
  a 
  case 
  of 
  typhoid 
  and 
  diphtheria 
  has 
  

   been 
  directly 
  traced 
  to 
  the 
  germ-breeding 
  at- 
  

   mosphere 
  of 
  the 
  cellar, 
  laden 
  with 
  the 
  poi- 
  

   sonous 
  gases 
  from 
  decaying 
  vegetable 
  matter. 
  

   An 
  aboveground 
  cellar 
  is 
  more 
  convenient 
  to 
  

   every 
  way. 
  It 
  is 
  easier 
  to 
  clear. 
  It 
  costs 
  but 
  

   little 
  more 
  than 
  the 
  old-style 
  cellar. 
  It 
  can 
  

   be 
  so 
  arranged 
  that 
  light, 
  heat 
  and 
  ventilation 
  

   can 
  be 
  regulated 
  to 
  suit 
  the 
  requirements 
  of 
  

   the 
  season 
  and 
  the 
  weather 
  much 
  more 
  effec- 
  

   tively 
  than 
  in 
  an 
  underground 
  cellar. 
  The 
  

   man 
  who 
  makes 
  himself 
  a 
  new 
  home 
  makes 
  

   a 
  serious 
  mistake 
  by 
  locating 
  his 
  cellar 
  under 
  

   the 
  dwelling 
  simply 
  because 
  others 
  have 
  done 
  

   so 
  so 
  long 
  that 
  few 
  think 
  of 
  putting 
  it 
  any- 
  

   where 
  else. 
  Study 
  up 
  on 
  the 
  advantages 
  of 
  

   a 
  cellar 
  aboveground 
  if 
  you 
  contemplate 
  

   building. 
  

  

  We 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  habit 
  of 
  thinking 
  that 
  the 
  

   cellar 
  requires 
  but 
  little 
  attention 
  until 
  quite 
  

   late 
  in 
  the 
  season 
  — 
  along 
  toward 
  spring; 
  in 
  

   fact, 
  such 
  is 
  not 
  the 
  case. 
  More 
  attention 
  is 
  

   needed 
  now, 
  and 
  a 
  little 
  later, 
  than 
  at 
  any 
  

   other 
  time. 
  Many 
  of 
  the 
  vegetables 
  stored 
  

   away 
  will 
  begin 
  to 
  decay 
  almost 
  from 
  the 
  

   time 
  of 
  storage. 
  This 
  is 
  especially 
  true 
  of 
  

   imperfect, 
  injured 
  or 
  unripe 
  ones. 
  If 
  the?e 
  

   are 
  removed 
  promptly, 
  those 
  which 
  remain 
  are 
  

   pretty 
  sure 
  to 
  keep 
  well, 
  and 
  much 
  of 
  the 
  gen- 
  

   eral 
  unsanifariness 
  which 
  characterizes 
  the 
  

   average 
  cellar 
  during 
  the 
  earlier 
  spring 
  

   months 
  can 
  be 
  avoided. 
  Therefore 
  let 
  me 
  

   urge 
  at 
  least 
  a 
  weekly 
  inspection 
  of 
  the 
  con- 
  

   tents 
  of 
  your 
  cellar, 
  and 
  a 
  sorting 
  out 
  of 
  all 
  

   vegetables 
  which 
  show 
  a 
  tendency 
  to 
  decay 
  

   and 
  contamira'e 
  others 
  with 
  which 
  they 
  come 
  

   in 
  contact. 
  Attention 
  of 
  this 
  kind, 
  given 
  now, 
  

  

  