XXVI 



AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS 



March, 191 3 



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from Tennessee, then regarded as the fron- 

 tier, and when Jackson presented himself 

 for inauguration he was accompanied by 

 crowds of his constituents whose wild be- 

 havior at the White House was wholly dif- 

 ferent from that of the stately cavaliers 

 who thronged the beautiful rooms during 

 the days of Madison and Jefferson. 



Andrew Jackson drove behind his famous 

 grays to the capitol with Martin Van Buren 

 when he in turn made way for his successor. 

 His long gray hair was blown about by the 

 March wind and he bowed to the crowd 

 raising his hat upon which he still wore a 

 band of mourning for Mrs. Jackson, who 

 had died just before his inaugural as presi- 

 dent. Jackson, like Washington, was a 

 popular idol and his departure from public 

 life excited the same sincere and widespread 

 regret. Van Buren was so impressed with 

 this feeling of sadness that he lost his 

 presence of mind and addressed the diplo- 

 matic corps as "Gentlemen of the Demo- 

 cratic corps." 



Lincoln's inaugural was effected amid a 

 feeling of general apprehension for the dark 

 clouds of civil warfare were about to break. 

 Several states had already left the Union 

 and it was believed that upon inauguration 

 clay the Southern sympathizers would seize 

 the capitol, and in the plain and heroic man 

 from the raw, crude west was embodied all 

 the fear and foreboding of the day. His 

 second inaugural was made notable by what 

 was perhaps the most varied parade which 

 has ever escorted any president. The fire 

 departments of Philadelphia and Washing- 

 ton participated as well as the colored Odd 

 Fellows and a society of colored topo- 

 graphers had mounted their presses upon 

 floats from which they distributed the 

 official programme as rapidly as it was 

 printed. Garfield's inauguration will ever 

 live in history, for no sooner had he been 

 inaugurated as president than he turned to 

 kiss his aged mother, whose eyes were 

 glistening with tears of pride. 



The recent inaugurals have been so 

 similar that there are few respects wherein 

 one differs from another, and the etiquette 

 of the occasion is now thoroughly estab- 

 lished. A few days before March 4th the 

 president-elect arrives in Washington and 

 establishes his headquarters, generally at a 

 hotel, where he is immediately called upon 

 by the president whom he is shortly to suc- 

 ceed. Social affairs of an informal nature 

 may take up the time until the morning of 

 inauguration day, when the president with 

 the president-elect upon his right drives to 

 the capitol, where the oath of office is ad- 

 ministered by the Chief Justice of the 

 United States. This ceremony generally 

 occurs upon a temporary platform or stand 

 built before the eastern portico of the 

 capitol and suitably adorned with the na- 

 tional colors. Should the weather be un- 

 propitious, as when Mr. Taft assumed office, 

 the ceremony is necessarily conducted with- 

 in doors. The inaugural address is a very 

 important, although wholly unofficial, part 

 of the precedure and as a rule indicates 

 the policy which the new president and his 

 advisers have decided upon. While these 

 formal functions are in progress at the 

 capitol the While House is being prepared 

 for the incoming regime unless indeed it has 

 been vacated some days before, and the new 

 president being duly inducted into office 

 enters with his family into the occupation of 

 the old mansion which has sheltered every 

 president excepting Washington. 



The White House and the social life of 

 which it is the center deserve a chapter all 

 their own. While it has been much altered 

 at different times and wholly rebuilt during 

 the Roosevelt administration it presents 



