136 



AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS 



April, 19 13 



used in taverns only, but 

 the stems of all glasses are 

 really the dictionary of the 

 period. Of these, those 

 with stems called the white 

 twist, the cut stem, colored 

 twist, air twist, plain stem, 

 and ballister stem are 

 found. From these are 

 many off-shoots. The cut English liquor set. 



stems are found either in plain or engraved bowls, the en- 

 graving ranging from baskets of flowers to the hop and 

 barley, the queer landscape and unusual pieces with the 

 medallion of Brittania. The stems themselves show hand- 

 some cutting in different funnel shapes. The earliest date 

 of the manufacture of this kind of glass was 1758, reaching 

 its height in 1800. 



The white twist stems follow the drawn forms and are 

 used rather for cordial or spirit glasses than for wine 

 glasses. They are without exception the products of the 

 low countries, and it is 

 difficult to distinguish 

 between the English 

 pieces and the foreign 

 ones. Many hand- 

 some specimens of this 



kind are found in the col- 

 lection of Mrs. Charles R. 

 Waters at Salem, Mass. 

 These were gathered by 

 Mr. Fitz Waters of 

 Salem, each piece being 

 carefully chosen, and they 

 form a wonderful collec- 

 tion of old time glass, cov- 

 Atkinson collection ering different periods. 



The colored twist stems were brought about by a desire 

 for change, and are comparatively rare in English pieces. 

 Bristol was the seat of their manufacture. There are blue 

 twists in the center of white, yellow and white twists, and 

 red and white, with occasionally a lavender, while some 

 show three colors — green, red and white. 



Another type is the air twist, which show both drawn and 

 other varieties, usually with domed feet. The glasses with 

 air twist stems are also, many of them, ornamented, some 

 showing baskets of flowers, others a rose and moth design, 



and still others show 

 samples of the grape 

 vine pattern. 



The plain stems are 

 perhaps the most sim- 

 { Continued on page 141) 



White twist stem glass 



English liquor case and a Dutch toddy glass. Mansfield collection 



White twist stem glass 



