20 BIRDS. 



open : tongue short, broad, cloven: gape larger than 

 the head : wings long: tail forked. 



27 Caprimulgus* BUI short, a little incurved at the 

 point, depressed at the base, with a row of stiff bris- 

 tles at the base of the upper-mandible : nostrils tubu- 

 lar, a little prominent : tongue small, entire : tail eiv 

 tire, of 40 feathers : toes connected as far as the first 

 joint ; the claw of the middle-one broadish . and: 

 serrate. 

 3. Upper mandible slightly notched near the point. 



16. Turdus, Bill nearly straight, a little bending to- 

 wards the point; nostrils oval, naked: mouth with a 

 few slender hairs at the corners : tongue slightly jagged 

 at the end: middle-toe connected to the outer as far 

 as the first joint. 



IT. Ampelis.. BUI straight, a little convex, bending to- 

 wards the point : nostrils hid in reflected bristles : 

 tongue sharp, cartilaginous, cloven: middle-toe con- 

 nected to the outer at the base. 



21. Muscicapa. Bill flattish at the base, nearly trian- 

 gular, beset with bristles at the base : tongue cloven, 

 rough on the sides : toes divided to their origin. 

 4. Bill straight, taper, entire. 



15. . Sturnus.. Bill subulate, angular,- depressed, rather 

 obtuse; the edges of the upper-mandible a little 

 spreading: ?iosirils surrounded with a rim: tongue 

 cloven, acute : middle-toe connected to the outer as far 

 as the first joint. 



22. . Alauda. Bill straight, slender, a little curved at 

 the point: nostrils partly covered with feathers and 

 bristles : tongue cloven, acute : toes divided to their 

 origin ; the hind-claw very long and more straight. 



23. Motacilla. BUI straight, weak, slender, slightly 

 notched at. the end: nostrils covered with bristles; 

 tongue lacerated at the point : wings short : tail very 

 long. 



24. Sylvia. Bill straight, weak, slender: nostrils obo- 

 vate, a little depressed : tongue cloven : middle-toe con- 

 nected underneath to the outer-one at the base. 



25. Parus. Bill strong,, pointed, a little compressed: 

 nostrils round, covered with reflected bristles : tongue 

 truncate, bristly at the end : toes divided to. their ori- 

 gin, the back-toe large and strong.. 



ORDER IV. COLUMBiE. 



Bill nearly straight, tumid at the base : legs short : loes 3 be- 

 fore and 1 behind, divided to their origin. 

 28*- Cqlujviba. BUI weak, slender, descending toward*- 



