22 BIRDS. 



their origin, or slightly connected; back-toe weak, 

 and often raised from the ground. 



39. Charadrius. Bill straight, slender, obtuse: nostrils 

 linear: feet 3-toed, all placed forwards. 



40. Cursorius. BUI roundish, acute, slightly curved at 

 the point : gape very large : nostrils ovate : tongue 

 acute : legs-, very long, with 3 toes all placed for- 

 wards. 



41. Hjematopus. Billions;, straight, compressed, wedge- 

 shaped at the end : nostrils linear: tongue short; toes 

 3, all placed forwards, the middle-one connected to. 

 the oufer as far as the lirst joint. 



42. Ralltjs. Bill slender, compressed, slightly incurved: 

 - nostrils' small : tongue rough at the end: body com- 

 pressed : wings and tail short: /ee£ 4-toed, cloven to 

 their origin. 



43. Gallikbla. Bill thick at the base, sloping to the 

 point ; the upper-DKindible reaching far up the fore- 

 head, where it becomes membranaceous: body com- 

 pressed : Kings and tail short : fett 4-toed, cloven to. 

 their origin. 



ORDER VII. PIlNNATIPEDESj 



Bill more or less cylindrical : legs long, naked above the knees : 

 less divided, to their origin, with a membrane running down 

 their whole length each shle. 



44. Phalaropus. Bill straight, slightly inflected at the 

 point : nostrils minute : feet 4-toed ; the toes furnished 

 with pinnate or toothed membranes. 



45. Fulica. Bill shor^, strong, sloping to the poim, 

 running far up the forehead which is bald : nostrils ob- 

 long, pervious : body compressed : tail short: toes -1, 

 furnished with a scalloped membrane. 



46. Fodiceps. Bill straight,, slender, pointed : nostrils 

 linear: tongue slightly cloven : lores bare of feathers : 

 body a little depressed: tail none: legs compressed; 

 the shanks with a double row of serratures behind : 

 toes 4, connected at the base,. furnished with a simple 

 membrane : claws flat, rounded.. 



ORDER VIII. PALMIPEDES. 



Toes connected with each other by a web. 



4%. R ecc u v iro st r a . Bill long, slender, very weak, de- 

 pressed, bowed upwards: nostrils oblong, pervious : 

 tongue short : toes A, with deeply lunate webs; the 

 back-toe small, lax, raised above the ground. 



48. Alca. Bill strong, thick, convex, compressed, often 

 grooved: natirih\ linear* placed near the edges 



