100 FISHES. THORACIC!. 20. 21. 



20. PERCA. Perch. 

 A. With 2 distinct dorsal-fins. 

 72. P.fluviatilis. Brownish-olive, with short dusky trans* 

 verse bands on the sides : dorsal-fins pale violet- 

 brown, the rest red. 



2. Back much raifed, curved and distorted near the tail. 

 Common Perch. Br. Zool. iii t. 48. Donovan t. 52. 



Body fometimes growing to a large size, with a gilded tinge on 

 the sides, whitish towards the belly ; nostrils near the eyes, dou- 

 ble, with 4 pores before them : month large : jaws nearly equal : 

 teeth fmall, in the jaws and on the roof; tongue short, fmooth : first 

 dorfal-jin with 1,5 fpinous rays, marked with a roundish black, fpot 

 accompanied with a fmaller-one ; fecond with 15 foft rays : pjtclt* 

 ral 14; ventral 8; anal 12 ; tail a little forked, 21 rayed. 



7$. P. Labrax. Back dusky with a blue tinge, belly sil- 

 very : second dorsal-lin with 14 rays. 



Basse. Br. Zool. iii. t. 49. Donovan's Fishes t. 43. 



Body shaped like a falmon, and growing to th,e weight ,$if 13 

 pounds; mouth large, filled with fmall teeth, with a triangular 

 rough fpace in the roof: eyes latge, reddish, iris silvery ; when 

 young the fpace above it is marked with fmall black fpots; gill- 

 cavers ending in a sharp point : dorsal-fins brown, the first g-rayed, 

 fecond 14; pectoral brownish, 18-rayed; ventral red&ish*whue # 

 6-rayed ; tail slightly forked, brown, 21-rayed. 



B. With a single dorsal-fin. 



74. P. cernua. Olive-brown with blackish dots: dorsal- 

 fin 27-rayed, the first 15 of which are spinous. 



Ruffe. Donovan's Fishes i. 39. Shaw zool. iv. t. 79. 



Body about 6 inches long, slender, mucous, yellowish-olive on 

 the sides, blackish on the nape and back, whitish on the breast and 

 belly, covered with numerous dusky fpots on the body pectoral 

 dorfal and anal fins : lateral-line a little curved : head thick, liattish t 

 eyes large, pupil blue, iris brown with a yellow mark : jaws equal t 

 fns yellowish; dorsal 27-rayed; pectoral 13; ventral 6; anal 7 j 

 tail sharply-forked, 19-rayed. 



21. SCOMBER. Mackrel. 



75. Sc. Scomber. Blue green, with numerous transverse 

 black lines : belly silvery ; 5 spurious fins above and 

 below. 



Common Mackrel. Br zool. Hi. t. 51. Shaw zool. iv. t. 34. 



Body 1-2 feet long 1 , dark-green varied with blue and crossed with 

 black bands above the lateral-Line: headlong: eyes latfge, covered 

 at first With a white $\m ;' mouth large; the lower-jaw longer: 

 tongue loofe, pointed, fmooth : teeth in both jaws and round the 

 edge of the palate : gill-covers of 3 pieces, Silvery : fcales fmall, 

 oval, tranfparent : lateral-line nearer to and parallel with the back, 

 with generally fome dusky fpots along it : fpurious-fins fmall, grey : 

 • dorsal-fins 12, 12 -rayed; pectoral 20; ventral -6 ; anal 13; tail 

 forked, 20-rayed. 



76. Sc. Colias. Varied with rich green and blue: spuri- 

 ous fins 5 both above and below. 



Coly Mackrel. Will, ichth.p. 182. Syst. Nat. p. 824. 



Found frequently in the Weirs about Swanfea, and very much 

 refembles the last, except in size which feldom exceeds 6 or 7 

 inches in length. Its colours are much richer, and it does not ap- 

 pear to come in shoals. 



