114 H. G. SMITH. 



The above results indicate that the only terpene in the 

 oil is pinene, and that about 70 per cent, of that constituent 

 was present. The nitrosochloride melted at the same 

 temperature as that prepared with the pinene from the oil 

 of A. Bakeri. 



The saponification number for the esters and free acid in 

 the crude oil by boiling was 42*5, and in the cold with two 

 hours contact 19*8. If the ester broken down by cold 

 saponification be considered to represent the geranyl- 

 acetate, then the result gives 6*93 per cent, of that ester, 

 and 9*64 per cent, geranyl-valerianate. These figures agree 

 very well with those obtained from the ratio of the acids 

 of the esters. 



To determine these acids, the third fraction was saponi- 

 fied with alcoholic potash by boiling, water added, the oil 

 separated, and the aqueous portion evaporated to small 

 amount. This was filtered, acidified with sulphuric acid, 

 and steam distilled until the whole of the volatile acids had 

 come over. The distillate was exactly neutralised with 

 barium hydrate solution ; evaporated to dryness, the residue 

 powdered and finally heated in air-oven. 0*4197 gram of 

 the barium salt when treated with concentrated sulphuric 

 acid and ignited, gave 0*3195 gram barium sulphate, equal 

 to 76*12 per cent. It was thus evident that a volatile acid 

 of higher molecular weight than acetic acid was present. 

 That the ester containing this acid was in excess was also 

 indicated by the amount saponified in the cold being less 

 than half the total ester. The remainder of the barium 

 salt was then decomposed with dilute sulphuric acid, 

 extracted with ether, and the ether evaporated. The acids 

 which remained gave the characteristic odour of valerianic 

 acid. The acids were but little soluble in water, but the 

 aqueous portion gave reactions for acetic acid. The in- 

 soluble portion when heated with a little amylic alcohol 



