ii PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [ Feb. xgeet 
Photographs of Tertiary Volcanoes of the North-east of Ireland, 
taken and exhibited by Arthur T. Metcalfe, Esq., F.G.S. 
Nine Sheets of the Carta Geologica della Calabria, +0 600? by 
EK. Cortese & G. Di Stefano, presented by the Royal Geological 
Survey of Italy. 
Folios 59 to 71 of the Geologic Atlas of the United States, pre- 
sented by the U.S. Geological Survey. 
November 20th, 1901. 
J.J. H. Teart, Esq., M.A., V.P.R.S., President, in the Chair. 
George Elmsley Coke, Esq., The Ropewalk, Nottingham ; William 
George Fearnsides, Esq., B.A., Addingford Hill, Horbury (York- 
shire); J. Malcolm Maclaren, Esq., B.Sc., 62 Sydney Street, S.W. ; 
and Harry Edward Heath Smedley, Esq., F.LS., 18 Havergal 
Villas, Green Lanes, South Tottenham, N., were elected Fellows 
of the Society. 
The List of Donations to the Library was read. 
Dr. VaueHan CorntsH, in exhibiting Photographs of Waves and 
Ripples in Water, Cloud, Sand, and Snow, said that he need only 
refer to the photographs showing the action of wind upon snow, 
which were the most recent of the series of pictures which he was ex- 
hibiting that evening. He had spent from December to March in the 
winter of 1900-1901 studying the snow in the provinces of Quebec, 
Manitoba, and British Columbia. When the wind blew, one saw the 
processes of wind-erosion and of the accumulation of drifted material 
proceeding with a rapidity which is not attained when wind acts 
upon heavier or harder materials. He particularly commended to 
geologists the study of wind-erosion of snow hardened by pressure 
and low temperature. The cutting and carving, and the revelation of 
previously invisible stratification, went on at a surprising rate, and 
one could see the structures change from form to form under one’s 
very eyes, and thus quickly gain such an insight into the processes 
of wind-erosion as,in the case of more stubborn rock, could only be 
obtained by prolonged study. The advantage, moreover, of studying 
the process in snow was not merely one of time, but consisted partly 
in the recognition of transitional stages which were so apt to be 
missed when observations were necessarily intermittent, as was the 
case with those of erosion of harder rocks. 
The following communications were read :— 
1. ‘Notes on the Genus Lichas. By Frederick Richard Cowper 
Reed, Esq., M.A., F.G.S. | 
