Vol. 58.] OF FOSSIL PLANTS FROM NEW SOUTH WALES. 20 
with the Newcastle Beds: at least two species, Noeggerathiopsis 
Goepperti and Phyllotheca deliquescens, being identical. 
Prof. Zeiller 1 has recently discussed the age of the Glossopteris- 
types, and their relation to the European flora of similar age. He 
regards the Glossopteris-flora proper as made up of three types— 
Gangamopteris, exclusively Permian, and Gilossopteris and Phyllo- 
theca, appearing first in the Coal-Measures, and reaching their 
maximum in the Permian. As G'angamopteris occurs in New 
South Wales only in the Newcastle Beds, this is an additional point 
in favour of regarding these beds as Permian, rather than as Permo- 
Carboniferous. Such evidence as the plants in the Clarke Collection 
afford, would certainly seem to support Feistmantel’s opinion, that 
the Newcastle Beds are equivalent to the Permian of Europe. 
Lastly, in regard to Arowa only a few words are needed. It 
has been shown, as had been long suspected by Australian authors, 
that McCoy was mistaken in describing Glossopteris linearis from 
that locality. The identification of McCoy’s Otopteris ovata with 
Anewnites austrina, Kth., rather than with Rhacopterts inequilatera 
(Goepp.), in no way disagrees with Feistmantel’s conclusion as to 
the age of these beds. On the other hand, the occurrence of Phyllo- 
theca at Arowa, as asserted by McCoy, but apparently overlooked by 
Feistmantel, is provisionally confirmed here. So far as I am aware, 
this is the lowest horizon from which this genus has been described. 
But, as I have already explained, these specimens are of the nature 
of pith-casts, and as such it is practically impossible to distinguish 
between Phyllotheca, Archeocalamites, or even some Calamites. It 
is possible, therefore, that these specimens should be assigned 
rather to the genus Archwocalamites, a typical Lower Carboniferous 
European type, if an undoubted flora of that age were known from 
Arowa. As, however, Feistmauntel? apparently correlated these 
beds with those of Port Stephens and Smith’s Creek, solely on the 
occurrence of Rhacopteris inequilatera (Goepp.), the exact horizon 
and age of this locality must for the present remain doubtful. 
In conclusion I wish to express my great obligations to Mr. A. C. 
Seward, M.A., F.R.S., who has not only given me the benefit of his 
advice on questions of identification, but has greatly helped me in 
the study of a widely scattered literature. 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
Broneniart, A. (28)!. ‘Prodréme d’une Histoire des Végétaux fossiles’ Paris, 
1828 
BronenraRt, A. (28). ‘Histoire des Végétaux fossiles’ Paris, 1828. 
CLARKE, W.B. (61). ‘Onthe relative Positions of certain Plants in the Coal-bearing 
Beds of Australia’ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xvii (1861) p. 354. 
CLARKE, W. B. (78). ‘Remarks on the Sedimentary Formations of New South 
Wales’ 4th ed. Sydney, 1878. 
Dana, J. D. (49). ‘Geology’ vol. x of Wilkes’s U.S. Exploring Expedition, 
Philadelphia, 1849, 
1 Zeiller (96)? p. 482, * Feistmantel (90) p. 165. 
