90 PROF. GROOM ON THE CAMBRIAN AND [ Feb. 1902, 
Il. Tar Matvern Quarrzite. 
(a) Distribution and Stratigraphical Relations. 
The conglomeratic beds of the Malvern Quartzite were apparently 
first seen in the Gullet Pass by Leonard Horner.' Murchison later 
spoke of a very felspathic grit on the flank of Midsummer Hill.* 
John Phillips described the same conglomerate as wrapping round 
the northern end of Raggedstone Hill, and descending towards the 
Hollybush Pass on the north.* It was observed too by Holl at the 
foot of the western spur of this hill, and also in the Gullet Pass, 
but the rock in the last-mentioned locality was referred by him to 
the Llandovery Series.* Symonds mentions the occurrence of the 
conglomerate on the western slopes both of the Raggedstone and 
Midsummer Hill, and on the northern side of the former, between 
the castern and western spurs, and also at the top of the quarry at 
the southern end of Swinyard Hill.’ 
The distribution of the Malvern Quartzite, as ascertained by the 
present writer, has already been described," and it will be sufficient 
to point out that it occurs in the Abberley Hills (near Martley, and 
in Cowley Park); immediately south of the Gullet Pass (M 109, 
M170, M265, and M366)"; on the western sides ot Midsummer 
Hill (M173a) and of Raggedstone Hill (M244); and in the 
central depression traversing Midsummer Hil (M169) and Ragged- 
stone Hill (M164 & M177); another small patch at White-Leaved 
Oak is mentioned below (p. 91). | 
Holl and Symonds both placed the ‘Conglomerate’ in what is 
evidently its true position, namely, at the base of the Hollybush 
Sandstone. <A close relation between the two formations is sug- 
gested by the presence of glauconitic grains in some samples of the 
quartzite, and by the occasional assumption by the conglomerate of a 
matrix much resembling the green Hollybush Sandstone ; moreover, 
one variety of the grey Hollybush Sandstone is indistinguishable 
lithologically from the yellowish-grey type of quartzite (see p. 96). 
Rarely hand-specimens may be obtained from débris,in which green 
and grey quartzite alternate in thin bands. Symonds states that 
‘excavations for stone on the western slope of the Raggedstone exposed this. 
old beach [the Malvern Quartzite] dipping at a high angle underneath the 
greenish Hollybush sandstones. (Op. cit. p. 24.) 
It is not, however, sufficiently clear whether the conglomerate was 
actually seen to underlie the sandstones, or merely to dip towards. 
them. The excavations are now filled up, and the relations between 
‘ Trans. Geol. Soc. vol. i (1811) p. 302. 
2 ‘Silurian System’ 1839, pp. 415 & 416. 
+ Mem. Geol. Sury. Gt. Brit. vol. ii, pt. i (1848) p. 52. 
‘ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soe. vol. xxi (1865) pp. 87 & 100; and Symonds in 
Purchas & Ley’s ‘ Flora of Herefordshire’ 1889, pp. xili—xiv. 
> “Old Stones * 2nd ed. (1884) p. 24. 
* Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. lv (1899) fig. 1, p. 182 & pl. xiti facing 
p. L6G7; and id. vol. lvi (1900) pl. xv facing p. 168. 
7 Throughout this paper M, followed by a numeral in parentheses, refers to. 
the maps which accompany the author’s previous papers on the Malverns, 
Quart. Journ. Geol. Soe. vol. lv (1899) pl. xiii & vol. lvi (1900) pl. viii. 
