102 PROF. GROOM ON THE CAMBRIAN AND [Feb. 1902, 
with a conchoidal fracture. Excavations made in the plantation 
(numbered 125m on the 25-inch Ordnance Survey-map), where 
alone the fragments have been found, failed to reach the rock, owing 
to the thick covering of débris of basalt and Black Shale, and to 
the dense undergrowth and numerous roots. The limestone may 
possibly occur in the form of discontinuous nodules. The fossils 
obtained from it included Obolella(?) Salterti?,’ Murchisonia (?) sp., 
Glyptarca primava, Hicks?, and numerous smaller organisms. 
Microscopic examination revealed to Mr. Frederick Chapman a num- 
ber of species of foraminifera, together with ostracoda, echinoderm- 
spines, and sponge-spicules(?).” When the parent rock has been 
reached the above list will probably be augmented, for the fragments 
of limestone obtained were crowded with fossils, large and small. 
The total thickness of the Upper White-Leaved-Oak Igneous Band 
is about 300 feet, of which the basalts probably constitute the 
greater part. 
The Upper Black Shales are exposed at the foot of the small 
escarpment, formed by the igneous band that traverses the north- 
eastern portion of Pendock’s Grove; also in the road leading south- 
westward from White-Leaved Oak; but the best exposure is seen 
in the lane leading southward from the village. I obtained here 
(M 270) Spherophthalmus alatus (abundant), Ctenopyge bisulcata, 
and Agnostus trisectus. The total thickness of the Upper Black 
Shales may be estimated at about 150 feet. 
The Lower and Upper Black Shales, and the included Upper 
White-Leaved-Oak Igneous Band, accordingly all belong to the zone 
of Spherophthalmus and the associated forms. But it must be added 
that no fossils have been obtained from the uppermost layers of the 
Upper Black Shales. 
Apart from the localities mentioned in the foregoing pages, the 
only place at which I have succeeded in finding traces of organic 
remains is in the small faulted patch of Black Shale in Pendock’s 
Grove (M 223 a), where a doubtful specimen of Linnarssonia Belti 
occurred. But it may be noted that in the well-sinking at West 
Malvern the Black Shales reached afforded ‘ Olenus,’ * Conocoryphe,’ 
and ‘ Lingulella.’* It should be remarked also that in most places 
the shale appears to be nearly or quite unfossiliferous, the fossils 
being largely confined to certain bands. Hxamples of most of the 
species mentioned above may be seen in the Museums at Oxford, 
Cambridge, Malvern, and Worcester. The Malvern collection 
includes also a doubtful crushed orthoceratite. 
Among the fossils previously recorded from the Black Shales, the 
following are enumerated by Holl *:—Fragments of a large trilobite, 
1 This species is very doubtfully referred by Mr. Matley (see Appendix, p. 140) 
to Obolella (2) Salteri, Holl; I am disposed to regard it as distinguished from 
the latter by its greater obesity and by the larger size attained. 
2 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. lvi (1900) p. 257. 
8 «Midland Naturalist’ vol. x (1887) p. 198. 
4 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxi (1865) p. 91. 
