Vol. 58. | PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF DOMINICA, ETC. 301 
of the valley, its equivalent slopes at nearly 10° seaward. Here is 
also another sloping cut terrace, 60 feet below the upper one. Morne 
Bruce does not show the tilting, on account of the sea having 
formerly cut off its face parallel with the strike, and left only a 
fragment of the raised base-level plain. At an elevation of 70 feet 
above the sea is a somewhat broad terrace, which has been formed 
since the tilting of the sloping terraces. The lower delta is only 
8 feet above the sea. From the Morne-Daniel coral-cliff an old 
base-level plain rises gradually towards the interior of the island, to 
an elevation of 1500 feet. 
The special interest of these terraces, or old deformed plains, lies — 
in the fact that they do not represent a general elevation of the 
region, but only a local uplift, due to the volcanic forces acting at a 
recent date,—the focus being in the interior of the island, and the 
deformation not extending much beyond its limits. The rising of 
the land may be still going on, as the streams have not yet cut their 
gorges far into the sloping terraces. 
VIII. Notes on PHENOMENA REPEATED IN THE [sLANDS SOUTH OF 
DoMINIca. 
In Martinique there is a repetition of tuff-beds similar to those 
of Dominica, and in places deposits of gravel occur. In the southern 
portion of the island the old and denuded volcanic formations may be 
seen, unobscured by the later volcanic accumulations characteristic 
of the northern part. Remnants of elevated base-level plains are 
also seen. 
The northern part of St. Lucia seems to be entirely made up of 
the denuded remains of the basal igneous formation of dark 
doleritic rock, which is often decomposed to a depth of 20 feet. In 
the south-western part of the island the tuff-beds lie almost hori- 
zontal, but they are dissected by valleys. Out of a plain of this 
character rise the Pitons: these, as before mentioned (p. 346), are the 
remains of a crater, part of which has been carried away by the sea 
and the remainder dissected by atmospheric agents. The more 
recent volcanic deposits occur in the mountainous interior of the 
island, where the late volcanic activity is still shown in the boiling- 
and sulphur-springs. 
In St. Vincent the old igneous basement is again seen, but the 
rocks are weathered to a depth of 20 feet or more near Kingstown. 
The more recent volcanic accumulations are in the interior of the 
island. On the western coast extensive beds of tuff were observed, 
some containing rounded pebbles. Beds of breccia were also seen. 
The erosion-features show more mature forms than in Dominica, 
as instanced by the gorges becoming more open valleys. 
The Grenadines appear to be merely the fragmentary remnants 
of the ancient igneous formation, except the island of Grenada. 
Their more recent features, with coral-reefs accumulating upon the 
surface, are submerged. 
