Vol. 58.] GLACIER-LAKES IN THE CLEVELAND HILLS. 519 
Kildale to Girrick Moor. 
To return now to the consideration of the outer face of the 
Cleveland Hills. The country between Kildale and Roseberry 
Topping is of complicated form, and though I think it probable that 
lakelets with their overflows may have existed, I have seen in 
the course of a rather imperfect examination no clear traces. At 
Pinchinthorpe a small overflow is, I think, traceable out of the head 
of High Bonsdale, but I attach no importance to it. 
Passing eastward, two comparatively low gaps are met with, in the 
great escarpment to the east of Hutton, formed by the two heads of 
Sleddale. The higher of these, Highcliff Gate, is below 950 feet O.D., 
but there is nothing in the arrangement of the contours to suggest 
an overflow, and I have not examined it. The other, known as 
Bold Venture, is a flat about a quarter of a mile wide, im- 
mediately below the 800-foot contour. Though its aspect on a 
contoured map is unpromising, I examined it, and was rewarded 
by some interesting observations. 
On the eastern side .of the gap (at 800 to 825 feet) are 
abundant erratics, among which I observed Cheviot porphyrites ; 
and on the western slopes I also found many pebbles, including 
porphyrite and ash. ‘The broad gap itself is encumbered with 
gravelly material of considerable thickness, cut into a close-set series 
of mounds with their long axes running down the valley. To the 
south of this Drift-barrier is a great tract of peat. Some overflow 
must have gone across here, both from the actual drainage of the 
ice, and also from a temporary lake in its advance and retreat, but no 
definite channel can be traced. 
From Bold Venture in an easterly direction the watershed, save 
for Highcliff Gate, is high and unbroken for a distance of about 
6 miles measured in a straight line. Then ensues a region of 
great interest, where the watershed is traversed by a succession 
of direct overflows, three in number, diminishing in altitude from 
west to east. 
The first of these is Ewe-Crag Slack, a great winding valley 
which for the first half-mile has a very slight inclination ; then it 
rapidly steepeus after cutting through a thick bed of hard grit, and 
enters the valley of Black Beck’ a normal moorland stream-course. 
The intake of Ewe-Crag Slack is turned sharply to the west. 
ward, and opens out in a great swampy area. ‘The first half-mile of 
the slack is occupied by a deep accumulation of peat. In order to 
ascertain the exact form of this part of the valley, I made a series of 
fifteen transverse sets of borings or probings (54 in number) into 
the floor, and found that, agreeably to expectation, the greatest 
depth of peat was at the point where the peat-moss sloped up stream 
as wellas down. Here a depth of 214 feet was attained, and the 
boring ceased in tough deposits, not rock (see Pl. XXIII & figs. 13, 
14, p. 518). 
1 Sonamedoumymaps. It should be Haw-Rigg Slack, as on the Ordnance- 
Survey maps. 
2n2. 
