Vol. 58. | GLACIER-LAKES IN THE CLEVELAND HILLS. 525 
is continued by a valley round an isolated patch of ground at 
Easington High Moor, whence it passes into Hardale Head by a 
fine valley at the Nan Stone, each of these cutting the 700-foot 
contour. 
The westernmost channel of which I can be certain is a small 
one which crosses Smeathorns Road, and cuts sharply the 750-foot 
contour ; it falls eastward into Swinsow Dale, and has already 
been mentioned as affording an example of ‘ down-stream dicho- 
tomy :’ as the ice withdrew to the northward, a new outfall was 
produced on the northern side of the earlier outfall. Examples such 
as these are very impressive, for they enable the observer to 
picture vividly to himself the exact margin of the ice. 
Of about the same age is a remarkable little ‘in-and-out’ 
channel called Spring-Head Hole, at the edge of Moorsholm Rigg. 
A lobe of the ice-sheet appears to have stood against the smooth 
hillside here, and caused the impounded waters of Hare Dale to the 
westward (as well as all flowing from the Lockwood area) to sweep 
round the edge of the ice, and excavate a loop in the face of the hill, 
leaving a central block intact. The cutting of this loop commenced 
above the 725-foot contour, and continued down nearly to the 700. 
It is possible that this may belong to the final stages of the Hardale- 
Slack (Roxby Peat-Holes) overflow. 
Near Spring-Head Hole is a singular valley cutting round Haw 
Rigg, which must, I think, have been shaped by alternate flow 
to eastward and to westward. The westerly escape was the 
last, and took place subsequently to the formation of the Spring- 
Head overflow. 
An exceedingly clear and well marked pair of marginal 
overflows, which I have called the Double (see Pl. XXV), marks 
a further slight shrinkage of the ice-margin from Moorsholm Rigg. 
The upper one, marked on the maps by the appropriate name of 
Hole Skew, is a sharply hooked channel opening out’ot Hare 
Dale by a square-cut intake 50 feet above the floor of the valley ; it 
falls rapidly towards its eastern end, and cuts through the 700-foot 
contour, but not down to the 675. Its twin companion, distant from 
it about 75 yards, just cuts the 675-foot contour except at the intake 
where there is a considerable accumulation of peat. It is interesting 
to observe that the top of the lower valley is immediately below 
the intake-level of the upper one. 
I have not been able to study with sufficient care the country to 
the north of Roxby High Moor and Wapley, so I cannot say which 
of the overflows in that area continues the alignment indicated by 
the contoured maps of the overflows at Moorsholm. The head 
of Tranmire Slack ends in a great expanse of swampy ground, 
Tranmire itself, which forms the common head of Birch Hill Beck, 
flowing northward, and a minute stream that flows down the 
Slack and joins Stonegate Beck; the two streams actually 
anastomose at their common head. 
The swamp scarcely rises above the 625-foot contour, and I believe 
that the actual rock or Drift-floor is well below that elevation. If 
