548 MR. P. F. KENDALL ON A SYSTEM OF [Aug. 1902, 
intake, the lake-level had fallen to about 460 feet. The valley thus 
formed is nearly 14 miles long, with a lengthy stretch of morass 
in its upper part, a virtually streamless middle portion, and a 
small rivulet in the lower half. ‘The intake-end of this valley is 
particularly interesting, as it enables the precise relation to the ice- 
margin to be defined. At Cloughton-Moor Cottage, within 100 
yards of the intake, a transverse section of the valley would show a 
narrow ridge-like retaining-wall on the iceward side composed of 
gravel, which extends for a quarter of a mile; and on the opposite 
side a quarry shows live rock with a cover of only 2 to 4 feet of 
superficial deposits. These observations are in harmony with the 
conclusions which might be drawn from the existence of this valley 
on the brink of a steeply-sloping hillside—they show that the ice 
must have stood steadily against the gravelly ridge, which I should 
therefore regard as a moraine, until the overflow-channel was well 
established. The precise position of the ice-margin at this stage can 
also be fixed at another point. The hillside bounding Staintondale 
on the west is steep and straight for a distance of about a mile; and 
in the neighbourhood of Staintondale village there are numerous 
scarped shelves at altitudes of about 500 feet down to 475 feet. 
This feature is specially well-marked through three fields just below 
the Shepherds’ Arms Inn. 
‘These scarps, like those observed in parts of Eskdale and in the 
Murk Esk, seem to have been produced by water flowing between 
the ice-front and the hill. J conclude that Upper Staintondale at 
this stage formed again an independent lakelet. 
The next recession of the ice from Cloughton Moor through a 
distance of about a quarter of a mile cleared a shoulder of the hill 
about 450 or 460 feet above sea-level. This was a little lower than 
the intake of the Cloughton-Moor-Cottage overflow, and the lake- 
waters flowed round the margin of the ice, and commenced the 
formation of a new channel which passes through the grounds of 
Moor Lodge, the house itself being in the valley. The continuation 
of this valley is by a remarkable and intricate set of reticulations, 
brought about in part by the fact that the retaining-wall of the 
valley was at one place the glacier itself, and in part also by slight 
oscillations of the ice-margin, which closed and opened channels in a 
rather capricious fashion. 
The Moor-Lodge valley is in reality merely a gully 300 yards long 
cutting off a corner of the hill. When it was lowered to about 440 
feet, the water, after passing into an ice-bound channel for 200 or 
300 yards, cut a notch behind Craven Hill producing a valley of 
very characteristic form about half a mile long and 25 feet deep at 
the upper end. A fluctuation of the ice, however, opened a way in 
front (that is, east) of Craven Hill, and a shallow valley was 
excavated there which was joined along a tributary cut, by a flow 
directly from the ice-front. 
The southern spur, trenched through by Oxdale Slack, was now 
nearly freed from ice, but both it and an intervening spur were 
still obstructed by the ice; and in the northern one near Cloughton- 
