Val..58.] GLACIER-LAKES IN THE CLEVELAND HILLS, SDT 
important to ascertain how far the ice extended westward, and upon 
this point there was a lack of data. My friend, Mr. J. W. Stather, 
F.G.S., has kindly placed his extensive knowledge of the district at 
my disposal, and aided me greatly in attempting to solve the 
problem. 
I have described the occurrence of a range of gravel-mounds on 
Seamer Moor, which J] take to mark the extreme limit of the ice 
at that level; beyond this, which I consider to be the moraine, 
Mr. Stather and I found the country absolutely free of Drift. 
Not so much as a foreign pebble could be discovered at a distance of 
200 yards beyond it, even upon lower ground. Outside the 
moraine the steep slopes of the moorland towards the south 
are deeply trenched by dry gullies, which appear to have been 
produced by water flowing from the ice-front. This remark applies 
especially to the groove running down to Betton Farm. 
At Seamer an immense spread of gravel is to be seen near the 
railway-station, and this may perhaps be connected with the two 
great gorges, Deepdale and the one admitting the railway to 
Scarborough. Between the latter valley and the entrance to Forge 
Valley, the lower slopes of the moors present some noteworthy 
features. Several valleys occur which run for some distance from 
east to west, then swing southward: one of them, Waydale’ for 
example, cuts across a spur, or rather through two—one a projection 
of the moors bounding the Scarborough-Seamer valley, and the 
other a swell of the hill near Waydale House. A very common 
feature of these channels is that they frequently have a blind head, 
or there is some transverse mound interrupting the continuity of 
the thalweg. The features are repeated in certain channels to the 
west of Forge Valley, which will be mentioned later. 
Much gravel occurs in the strip of country displaying these 
features; but it is intermittent, until a point is reached immediately 
north of East Ayton and close to the beginning of Seave-Gate Gill. 
Thence onward to Gallows Hill, between Wykeham and Brompton, 
the great gravel-bench extends which Mr. Fox-Strangways supposed 
to be the beach of Lake Pickering. This mass presents an abrupt 
scarp over 50 feet high overlooking the Vale of Pickering. The 
brow of the scarp is, at the eastern end, above the 200-foot 
contour, but it declines westward. The breadth of the terrace 
varies from less than a quarter up to over half a mile; and its upper 
edge, where it rests upon the slopes of the hills, falls from very 
nearly 250 feet (probably about 245) on the south of Forge Valley, 
to a little over 200 feet near Wykeham. (See map, fig. 26, p. 558.) 
The surface-features of this gravel-bench are very noteworthy. 
Deep valleys come down the dip-slope of the Corallian rocks, of 
which some (for example, Yedmandale) are destitute of streams; 
while others, like Beedale and Sawdondale, carry little becks, and 
one (Forge Valley) is occupied by a small river, the Derwent. 
* The local name for this valiey is ‘ Marra Mat,’ and the stranger will fail 
to find it as Waydale, 
