Vol.58.] TEESDALE, WEARDALE, AND THE TYNE VALLEY. 579 
How Hill (16) is a mound of stiff bluish Boulder-Clay, capped by 
more gravelly material. It has been cut into by the river, and shows 
a section 75 feet in height, containing the following boulders :— 
basalt, limestone, shale, brown sandstone, red sandstone, and ande- 
site of the Borrowdale Series. The first boulders of Borrowdale 
Rocks occur in the bed of the Tees immediately below the point 
where these rocks are marked on the Geological Survey map ; that 
is to say, opposite Widdybank Farm, a most careful search above 
that point having failed to reveal a single pebble. 
Dine-Holm Scar (17) and Yeart Hill, which consist of basalt, 
have practically no Drift upon them, but there are a few boulders 
which have been carried from points higher up the valley. 
Round High Force (1) there. is very little Drift, but on the east 
side of the Dale, behind the High-Force Hotel, a series of long 
mounds run parallel to the main road. One of these mounds skirts 
the road from the Hotel to Ettersgill Bridge (13). Below this point 
Teesdale is a valley within a valley, as the contour-section in fig. 3 
(p. 574) will make clear. The inner valley contains a number of 
long ridges of somewhat gravelly Drift, ranged with their long axes 
approximately parallel to the river, and all showing the characteristic 
outlines of the drumlin. There are many large boulders in and near 
the river, but these are without exception such as could be derived 
from rocks which occur in the upper part of the Dale. 
On the top of the basalt-cliffs on the nght bank of the river there 
is very little Drift; but on the slopes of Green Fell above these 
cliffs, it is again met with in considerable quantity. As inthe upper 
part of the Dale, the sheet of Drift thins out gradually against the 
side of the fell. 
At Green-Fell End the Drift extends up to the 1750-foot contour- 
line, but above Crossthwaite Common it terminates at about 1500 
feet. In the stream immediately south of the house at Hast 
Crossthwaite (20) are several good sections of the Drift, which 
consists of a dirty yellow gravel with many boulders, principally of 
basalt, some of them being beautifully striated. At a height of 
775 feet there are boulders of Carboniferous Limestone, sandstone, 
and shale, also some masses of a stiff blue clay which appear to 
have been transported bodily. Thére are no stones foreign to the 
Dale. Farther up the same stream, at a height of 825 feet, in the 
cutting of the quarry-railway (not shown in the Ordnance-Survey 
maps), is some gravel of a similar nature with similar boulders, 
including a very well striated boulder of basalt. The surface of the 
hill in this part is covered with mounds of Drift, which all trend 
parallel to the valley, and appear to form a lateral moraine, though 
they do not limit the Drift. 
On the Durham side of the river the country is thickly covered 
with Boulder-Clay. 
In Hudeshope Beck, at the back of Middleton, the stream is cutting 
deeply into soft black Carboniferous shales, which are capped 
by a great thickness of Boulder-Clay on the right bank of the 
stream. This thick sheet of Drift extends over the side of the hill at 
