598 MR. A. R. DWERRYHOUSE ON THE GLACIATION or [ Aug. 1902, 
of that described as occurring in the main valley. In each of these 
valleys are enormous masses of stratified gravels, sands, and clays, 
disposed in plateaux which are deeply trenched by the streams. 
The section at Wooley Park, half-a-mile south of Allendale Town, 
is typical of the class of Drift occurring in these valleys. It consists 
of stratified sands, gravels, and buttery clays. The materials are 
for the most part derived from the Carboniferous rocks, but include 
pebbles of Lake-District and Scottish rocks. The pebbles are water- 
worn, and exhibit no signs of glaciation. 
Near Sinderhope Post-office (81), 3 miles south of Allendale 
Town, the Drift rises to a height of 1000 feet. It is roughly 
stratified, reddish-brown, and contains Carboniferous sandstone and 
shale, with a few pebbles of andesite and Silurian grit. 
Three quarters of a mile east of High Studdon (82), at the upper 
end of a large valley which cuts through the watershed into the 
Valley of Devil’s Water, there is a patch of buttery blue stratified 
clay containing fragments of Millstone Grit and Coal-Measure 
sandstone. This is at a height of 1100 feet. Another class of 
deposit is found in parts of these valleys, namely, a well-washed 
gravel consisting of pebbles similar to those found in the stratified 
Drift. These gravels are arranged in fans or deltas at the lower 
end ot several of the larger valleys described in sub-section 5, 
p- 602. 
In the Valley of the Derwent there is no Drift above Blanchland ; 
but about a mile to the eastward much gravelly material is found, 
containing Lake-District and Scottish rocks with an abundance of 
local material. 
Thus, in the valley of Acton Burn a large deposit of gravel 
and Boulder-Clay occurs, both above and below the point where the 
road crosses the burn. Millstone Grit, Coal-Measure sandstone, 
Borrowdale volcanics, Carboniferous Limestone, dolerite (Whin Sill), 
and Silurian grit are plentiful in this deposit. A few of the pebbles 
of Silurian grit are striated. The deposit forms a thick mantle over 
the country for a considerable distance. 
The Drift of the main valley of the Tyne below the junction of 
the two branches is more gravelly than is the case higher up. 
The following sections at Hexham will serve to illustrate its 
nature :—In the gravel-pit at Bridge End, Hexham (left bank), is a 
section of coarse gravel 10 feet deep, base not exposed, containing 
boulders of Carboniferous sandstone, Carboniferous Limestone, Mill- 
stone Grit, New Red Sandstone; Borrowdale volcanics (several types) ; 
granites of Criffel, Dalbeattie, and Eskdale (Cumberland); Silurian 
grit (two varieties); Buttermere granophyre; Whin-Sill dolerite, and 
Brockram. . 
The sand-and-gravel pit at the northern end of the Seal at Hexham 
is excavated in a mound of Drift. The section is between 40 and 
50 feet deep, and consists at the top of coarse gravel, which is 
succeeded by beds of contorted gravel finer in texture, and this — 
