Vol. 58.] TEESDALE, WEARDALE, AND THE TYNE VALLEY. 599 
rests unconformably upon horizontally-bedded sands with current- 
bedding, and a few thin beds of buttery red clay. Below the 
gravel, and exposed in a small cutting giving entrance to the pit, is 
a bed of sandy Boulder-Ciay, which is the lowest bed exposed. 
The gravel contains Carboniferous sandstone, Millstone Grit, and 
Borrowdale volcanics. 
South-east of Hexham, the country between the Tyne and the 
Derwent is thickly covered with Boulder-Clay, up to a height of about 
850 feet, except at the mouths of several of the abnormal valleys to 
be mentioned later (p. 602), where there are large spreads of 
gravel. This Drift contains all the erratics that have been 
recorded as being found in the valley of the South Tyne, between 
Haltwhistle and Hexham. 
Notable spreads of gravel occur round Riding Mill (north 
of Dipton Burn), between Stocksfield Station (N. & C.R.) and 
Hindley near Ebchester (Derwent Valley), the mouth of a valley 
cutting through the watershed to the west, and at Kdmondbyers 
and Mugegleswick, higher up the Derwent. 
(3) Glacial Strie, ete. 
The Glacial striz in this area are apparently confined to the 
valley of the North Tyne, where there is a series of outcrops 
of hard limestone and basalt lying athwart the direction of the 
ice-flow. The following are those which I observed; they are nearly 
all marked on the 1-inch maps of the Geological Survey :— 
Ricut Bank or THE Nortu Tynn. 
1. Surface of limestone, Birks Moor, on the right bank of the North Tyne, 
S. 52° H. (650 feet). (83.) 
2. Surface of limestone, at Whitchester, 4 miles west of Bellingham, 8. 54° E. 
(500 feet). (84.) 
3. Surface of sandstone, at Old Man’s Shield, 33 miles west of Bellingham, 
S. 71° E. (500 feet). (85.) 
4. Surface of sandstone, at Mortley, 2 miles west of Wark, 8. 53° H. (600 feet). 
(86.) 
Lert BAnk or Toe Nortu Tyne. 
5. Surface of sandstone, three quarters of a mile north of Field Head, 3 miles 
north-west of Bellingham, 8. 54° EH. (850 feet). (87.) 
6. Surface of sandstone, at Close Hill near last, 8. 51° EH. (650 feet). (88.) 
7. Surface of sandstone, at Charlton near last, 8. 65° E. (500 feet). (89.) 
8. Surface of sandstone, between Charlton and Long Haugh Shield, 8. 72° E. 
(550 feet). (90.) 
9. Surface of sandstone, a quarter of a mile west of last, 8. 80° E. (850 feet). 
0. Surface of sandstone, on Callahues Crag, 25 miles north of Bellingham, 
S. 67° E. (1100 feet). (91.) 
11. Surface of sandstone, at Hightown, 1 mile north of Bellingham, S. 67° E. 
(800 feet). (92.) 
12. Surface of coarse grit, on Aid Moss near Redesdale, 5 miles west of 
Bellingham, N. 82° E. (1000 feet). (93.) 
3. Another surface, a quarter of a mile south-east of last, N.'78° E. (1050 feet). 
14. Surface of sandstone, 1 mile north of Birtley, 8. 69° E. (750 feet). 
15. Surface of sandstone, near Folly-Moss Reservoir, 3 miles west of Birtley, 
S. 80° E. (700 feet). (95.) 
