720 PROF, REYNOLDS AND MR. VAUGHAN ON THE [ Nov. 1902, 
numerous mutations which abound throughout, but especially 
towards the base. 
The following is a complete list of the fossils that we have obtained 
from these beds :— 
Ammomtes (Psiloceras) Johnstoni, 
Sow.=Amm. torus, d Orb. 
Amberleya (2?) sp. 
Ostrea liassica, Strickl., and mutations. 
Pecten alt. ca/vus, Goldf., and allied 
species. 
Pecten cingulatus (2?) Phil. 
Avicula cygnipes, Y. & B. 
Lima gigantea, Sow. 
Pholadomya glabra, Ag. 
Pieuromya Crowcombeia, Moore. 
Pseudodiadema lobatum, Wright. 
Pseudodiadeina sp. 
Paleontological Notes.’ 
Pecten cimgulatus (?) is an oval form with small equal wings ; 
the cast shows two sharp ruts diverging from the sides of the beak. 
The mutations of Ostrea liassica are chiefly towards the form of 
O. ungula, and are brought about by the deepening of the large 
valve at the front, in such a manner that its border becomes semi- 
cylindrical and nearly at right angles to the plane of the rest of 
the valve. 
(c) The Cidaris-Shales and Lima-Beds. 
The succeeding 35 feet is made up of a series of thick shales, 
separated by a few conspicuous limestone-bands. 
The most interesting paleontological feature of this series is the 
prevalence of small echinids in the shales. Long pin-like spines, 
with portions of the test, crowd the shales throughout the middle 
10 feet, and extend downward into the shales of the Ostrea-Beds 
below, where they are by no means uncommon. So far as we are 
able to judge, the commonest forms in the lower shales are two 
species of Pseudodiadema (Ps. lobatum, Wright, and Ps. sp.). In 
the middle 10 feet, where the spines occur in multitudes, the pre- 
dominant form is a species of Cidaris, near C. Edwardsi, Wright, 
but probably distinct. 
Very common in the shales of this series, and extending down 
into the shales of the Ostrea-Beds, is a small Pecten of the type of 
P. calvus, Goldf. 
Mineralogically the shales are gypseous ; the uppermost 4 feet of 
shale abounds in small selenite-crystals, while the surfaces of the 
lower shales are speckled all over with minute gypseous aggregates. 
The complete list of fossils obtained from this series is as 
follows :— 
Ostrea ungula, Roemer. 
Pecten calvus, Goldf., and allied 
species (P. subulatus, P. textils, 
P. inultifurcatus, etc.). 
Lima gigantea, Sow., small and large. 
Lima pectinoides (?) Sow. 
Cardinia Listeri, Sow., and mutations 
(C. ovalis, C. hybrida). 
| Modiola hillanoides, Chap. & Dew. 
Unieardium cardioides, Phil. 
Macrodon hettangiensis, Terq.  ~ 
Cidaris sp., aft. C. Kdwardsi, Wright. 
Pseudodiadema sp. 
Pentacrinus sp. 
? Plant-remains. 
1 The determination of the fossils has been carried out by one of us only 
(A. V.). 
