34 J. H. MAIDEN. 



(allied to the " Spring-tails ") were discovered clustering 

 in a half-frozen condition under almost every pebble here- 

 abouts. 



The survey was continued some forty miles from the 

 main coast. Very interesting contact arears between 

 granite and marmorised limestone were mapped in detail 

 by Debenham, and several striking contact minerals 

 collected. Below a hugh nunatak, 4000 feet high, many 

 well-preserved fossil plates — keeled and an inch long — 

 were discovered. Here also they obtained lumps of bitu- 

 minous coal. Both were probably derived from the shaly 

 bands of Beacon Sandstone which outcropped in the nunatak. 



This party could not be relieved by the ship as arranged, 

 owing to the immense fringe of pack ice — 20 miles wide — 

 which prevented communication of any sort. They, there- 

 fore, made their way back towards headquarters over the 

 Piedmont Glacier, and so could survey and roughly contour 

 the features of this type of glacier for the first time. The 

 ship was able to reach them just a month late. 



The Northern party, under Campbell, had spent the 

 winter at Robertson Bay, making remarkably careful 

 studies of the glaciers and ice conditions in the vicinity. 

 The geology and meteorology of the district were studied 

 in great detail. They were relieved by the ship early in 

 January, and proceeded south to Terra Nova Bay (Lat. 75°), 

 for five weeks sledging around Mt. Nansen. Unfortunately 

 the ship was unable to pick them up owing to the early 

 freezing-in of the pack ice, and details of their scientific 

 work, both at Robertson Bay and Terra Nova Bay are still 

 in great part unknown. 



Scientific work has been carried out on the ship on all 

 its voyages. Pennell obtained a new set of soundings on 

 his course southward for a large portion of the route. The 

 meteorological log linking Dr. Simpson's unique data from 



