36 J. H. MAIDEN. 



Shackleton, and there are indications of a N.E. trend 

 toward Edward VII. Land. The latter may, however, be 

 a tributary spur of a great range linking the Victoria Land 

 mountains with the Andean Range of Graham's Land. 

 Amundsen's discoveries weaken the possibilitiy of there 

 being a belt of low-level Barrier ice connecting MacMurdo 

 Sound and the Weddell Sea, which Filchner hoped to explore. 

 Very interesting also is the permanence of the Great 

 Barrier at the Norwegian headquarters. Although breaking 

 away in great bergs between that point and Ross Island, 

 yet it seems to be stationary and perhaps over-riding land 

 above sea level, close to the Bay of Whales. 



Mention must be made of Johannsen's sledging trip to 

 King Edward VII. Land, where considerable areas of rock 

 were explored, thus delineating the lands discovered by 

 Scott in 1902. Probably never before has so much explor- 

 atory work been done by a party consisting of only nine 

 men. 



The work of the Japanese expedition is shrouded in 

 mystery. The first summer (1910-11), their small ship was 

 unable to penetrate further south than Coulman Island. 

 The next summer they must have made a fine voyage for 

 so small a boat, for they reached King Edward VII. Land, 

 since both the "Nimrod" and the "Terra Nova" had been 

 baffled by the ice in preceding years. They can hardly 

 have spent much more than a month in southern waters, 

 and their greatest accomplishment is probably to pave the 

 way for future exploration by their enterprising fellow 

 countrymen. 



With regard to the two remaining expeditions, which 

 started last summer, no news has been received of the 

 German explorers under Filchner, while the Australasian 

 Expedition has already made a good start, as recorded in 

 the news brought back by Captain Davis. 



