BIO-CHEMICAL CHABACTERISTICS OF BACILLI. 83 



Pottevin (1905) (5) gives a careful description of a Gaertner 

 type organism isolated from ham. On glucose, mannit, 

 maltose and galactose, acid and gas were produced, acid 

 only on glycerine, and no action on erythrit, lactose or 

 saccharose. The organism was pathogenic to guinea pigs 

 and certain other laboratory animals. 



Morgan (1905) (40) investigated the bio-chemical reactions 

 of a number of Gaertner type organisms (b. Gaertner, b. 

 aertryck, b. Moorseele, b. Hanstedt, by Breslaviensis, b. 

 morbif bovis, b. Gunther, b. Abel, b. Renfleth, b. typhi 

 murium, b. psittacosis, b. hog cholera Theo. Smith, b. hog 

 cholera Evans, b. paratyphosus Schottmiiller A, b. para- 

 typhosus Schottmiiller B, b. paratyphosus Brion and 

 Kayser A. 



He found that all of these organisms gave acid and gas 

 on glucose and mannit, but no action on lactose and cane- 

 sugar. Paratyphosus A and B, produced indol in five days. 

 Paratyphosus A. produced acidity on litmus milk which 

 was permanent up to a month. B. hog cholera Smith, pro- 

 duced no change on dulcit up to fourteen days. With the 

 exceptions mentioned above, all produced acid and gas on 

 dulcit and "cameleonage" on litmus milk. Morgan says 

 that b. paratyphosus produces alkalinity less rapidly than 

 b. Gaertner, which may do this in forty-eight hours. 



Sacquepee and Chevrel (1906) (4l) describing the charac- 

 teristics of various paratyphoid organisms, note that on 

 glucose, levulose, maltose, galactose, acid and gas are 

 produced. Arabinose, dulcit, and mannit are likewise 

 attacked, but less readily, and on arabinose in anaerobic 

 conditions no gas is given off. Glycerin is even less readily 

 attacked. It is not quite clear to me whether they found 

 gas given off on the glycerin. 



Boycott (1906) (23) gives the reactions of various Gaertner 

 types: b. paratyphosus Schottmiiller A (Brion and Kayser), 



