416 SIR WILLIAM TURNER 
sections through the head and arms, which had been treated with nitric acid in 
order to soften the chitin previous to making the section, subsequently soaked in 
alcohol, and then mounted in Canada balsam, the tissue was modified in appearance. 
Although some of the cells retained the ovoid form and to some extent the refracting 
character, the majority had more or less irregular outlines, and their contents had 
generally the appearance of a granular cell-plasm, not usually staining strongly 
with carmine; though sometimes the granules were relatively large, and stained 
more deeply with carmine, as if they had a nuclear character. It would seem 
as if, with the disappearance of the fat, the cell-plasm had come into view. 
In certain localities the areolated tissue showed characters deserving of more 
detailed notice. In the arms, where they adjoined the head and where the areolated 
tissue was small in proportion to the thickness of the arm, two large areole, each 
containing granular cell-plasm with a nucleus, were very distinct (fig. 11). About 
the middle of the arm, also, a pair of areolee, containing granular cell-plasm, similar in 
size and in close relation to the wall, were present; but as the areolated tissue in this — 
part of the arm was much more abundant than near the head, a cluster of large areole 
also occupied the central area of the tissue (fig. 12). A somewhat similar appearance 
was seen in the relatively smaller amount of this tissue near the tip of the arm. 
In some sections the areolated tissue in the arms was modified in a peculiar 
manner. Whilst in some of the areole the refracting character of fat cells was dis- 
tinctive, many others, especially those of large size, were crowded with nuclei, which 
stained deeply with carmine. ‘The nuclei were so closely set that the amount of cell- 
plasm associated with each nucleus was extremely small, and the latter dominated in 
quantity and distinctness over the cell-plasm. It seemed as if an extensive proliferation 
of the nuclei had taken place (fig. 18). 
In sections through the head in proximity to the arms, where the areolated 
tissue was relatively abundant, the largest areolee with their contained cells occupied 
the mid-area of the tissue, whilst the smaller areola formed its peripheral part (fig. 9). 
The tissue which constituted the axis of the papilla-like tubercles of the head con- 
sisted of the smaller type of areole, though they were not uniform in size, as some 
were four or five times larger than others. 
It should be noted that the part of the parasite immediately below the arms 
had on the ventral surface the pairs of limb-like appendages already referred to. 
They were so extremely rudimentary that it was difficult to recognise them with the 
naked eye, and sometimes even they were absent. It is within this part of the body 
that the areolated tissue was most abundant. Had the limbs been functionally active, 
one cannot doubt but that an adequate amount of striped muscle would have been 
developed in this region as their motor apparatus ; but, under the changed conditions, 
it was no longer required, and its place had been taken by a passive, areolated tissue 
containing fat cells. 
In addition to the cesophagus, the muscular fibres, and the areolated tissue, the 
