430 SIR WILLIAM TURNER 
CoNCHODERMA. 
Several naturalists have observed that species of Pennella have occasionally attached 
to them animals belonging to the sub-class Cirripedia. CHamisso and HKysennarpr 
seem to have been amongst, if not the first naturalists to describe a Cirriped attached 
to a Pennella. In 1821 they stated that a Lernxa (Pennella) diodontis, from the 
branchie of Diodontis mola, captured in the Pacific, had Lepas anatifera affixed to 
it. G. O. Sars described, 1865, a Pennella, with the head buried in the blubber of 
Balenoptera musculus, to which Cineras vittata (Conchoderma virgata) was attached. 
Koren and DaNIELSsEN figured two specimens of Conchoderma virgata affixed close 
to the genital orifices of Pennella balenopterx, and they stated that in another — 
example as many as seven specimens were attached to the thin thoracic part. Paun — 
Meyer saw in the collection at Naples six examples of a Pennella from Xziphias 
gladius, to one of which Conchoderma mrgata was affixed: owing to the Pennella 
being imperfect, the species was not determined. To one of the examples of Pennella 
orthagorisct in the Royal Scottish Museum, already referred to, three specimens of — 
Conchoderma virgata were cemented at or near ‘the junction of the thoracic and 
abdominal segments. Also the P. exoceeti in the same museum were similarly infested. 
It is interesting to note that cases have been recorded of a direct attachment of 
Conchoderma to the skin of whales. Thus, CHartes Darwin, p. 66, stated that he had 
seen the basal end of the peduncle of Conchoderma aurita sunk into the skin of 
Cetacea. G. O. Sars had described the same species attached to the humpbacked whale, — 
Megaptera boops, and a similar attachment had also been noticed by Soprus Hauras. 
One of my specimens of P. balenoptere had an example of Conchoderma virgata 
cemented at the junction of the thoracic and genito-abdominal segments (Plate I. fig. 3), 
It is unnecessary to describe the generic characters of Conchoderma, or the specific 
characters of C. virgata, as they have been so fully narrated in the classical treatise of 
CHarites Darwin; but in order to identify the species, I may briefly refer to the ~ 
external appearance of my specimen. It measured 46 mm. (1°8 in.) in extreme length, — 
15 mm. in the greatest dorsi-ventral diameter, and 15 mm. in greatest breadth. Though 
the peduncle blended with the capitulum they could be differentiated, and the former 
was found to be slightly longer than the latter. The dorsal carinal plate was 16 mm. 
long and 3 wide, and reached the anterior end of the capitulum. The scutal plate was — 
three-lobed and 7 mm. in length. The tergal plate was 5 mm. long and only 1 mm. 
in width. The interval between the upper lobe of the scutum and the carina was 8 mm., 
and between the anterior lobe of the scutum and the tergum 6mm. The coat in the 
intervals between the plates was not calcified, and was yellowish-grey in colour, with — 
three purple bands on each side extending antero-posteriorly. The highest band on each — 
side reached the dorsal border behind the carina, where it blended with its fellow. The 
other bands ran independently the whole length of the animal, and did not branch, A 
pair of stunted processes at the anterior end of the carina represented the pair of ear- 
