790 MR EDWARD J. BLES ON THE 
that they were purely carnivorous and adopted this diet from choice, and states 
that “there was plenty of water-weed on which they could have fed.” These 
statements it is impossible to bring into harmony with the observations recorded 
in this paper, and it is difficult to conceive, taking the facts as known to Brpparp, 
how a tadpole without any buccal hard parts could feed on water-weed. The 
other observations which Brpparp records I can confirm, with the exception of 
only one or two minor points regarding the cement organ. 
It may be convenient to give here a brief summary of the main observations 
described and conclusions reached in this paper. 
(1) The conditions are enumerated and discussed under which Xenopus and other 
Amphibia can be induced to breed freely in captivity (pp. 795 and 796). 
(2) A detailed account is given of the breeding habits of Xenopus (pp. 797-798). 
(3) The remarkable method of oviposition is described in some detail (p. 798). 
(4) It is concluded that fertilisation is external in Xenopus (p. 799). 
(5) The ege-envelopes are described and the occurrence of a rudimentary egg-shell 
noted (p. 800). 
(6) The segmentation of the ovum and the development of the embryo within 
the ego are described and figured for the first time (pp. 801-806). 
(7) The late embryo is shown markedly to resemble he ene stages in 
Urodele development. 
(8) The posterior ends of the medullary folds are found not to enclose the blasto- 
pore nor meet behind the anus (p. 803). 
(9) The early development of the face is described and frontal views figured 
(pp. 806 and 811). 
(10) The “frontal gland ” and its secretion are shown to be functionally concerned 
in the hatching process (pp. 807-809), and the development of the gland is described 
(pp. 804, 805, and 806). 
(11) It is shown not to be connected with the formation of the neuropore and, as it 
is not a sense-placode, lends no such support as v. Kuprrer claimed it did to his theory 
of monorhiny and amphirhiny (p. 809). 
(12) The process of hatching in an Anuran is described for the first time (p. 807). 
(13) An account is given of the habits of the tadpole after hatching and before it 
begins feeding (p. 810). 
(14) The development of the pectoral lymph-hearts at this early stage is noted 
for the first time in an Amphibian (p. 812). 
(15) The Xenopus tadpole is shown to breathe by its lungs as soon as it beguil to 
feed (p. 812). 
(16) The development of the cement organ is traced from the first appearance to 
its disappearance (pp. 803, 804, 805, 806, 811, and 813). 
(17) A brief account is given of the feeding habits. The manner of taking food 
is seen to be remarkably similar to that of Ammocctes (pp. 813--814). 
d 
