CHANGE OF TEMPERATURE WITH HEIGHT DURING ANTI-CYCLONES. 509 



Station, 

 Height in feet, . 



Temperature. 



Differences of Temperature. 



Mean 

 Temp. 



Santis. 



8202 



Pilatus. 

 6781 



27-3 



24-8 

 30-6 

 31-6 



28-6 



29-5 

 29-8 

 30-6 

 35-6 



31-4 



Rigi. 

 5863 



Chau- 

 mont. 

 3700 



Zurich. 

 1627 



Santis. 

 Pilatus. 



Santis. 

 Rigi. 



1-7 

 3-4 

 8-0 

 9-1 



5-5 



3-6 

 5-3 

 8-1 

 9-3 



6-8 



1-4 

 5-6 



4-7 

 4-2 



4-0 



Santis. 

 Chau- 

 rnont. 



Santis. 

 Zurich. 



Rigi. 

 Zurich. 



Santis 



and 

 Zurich. 



7 a.m., Jan. 6, 



,. 7, . 

 >> >! 8, 



Q 



Mean, 



1 p.m., Jan. 6. 



» 7, . 

 „ ,. 8, . 

 ,. „ 9, • 



Mean, 



9 p.m., Jan. 6, . 



,, 7, . 

 „ „ 8, . 

 „ ., 9, . 



Mean, 



21-7 

 23-7 

 26-2 

 27-9 



24'9 



26-2 

 27-1 

 30-0 

 31-3 



28-7 



22-5 

 26-4 

 29-8 

 28-9 



26-9 



23-4 

 27-1 

 34-2 

 37-0 



30-4 



29-8 

 32-4 

 38-1 

 40 6 



35-2 



23-9 

 32-0 

 34-5 

 33 1 



30-9 



17-6 

 27-3 

 34-5 

 34-2 



28-4 



33-4 



41-0 

 41-0 

 45-3 



40-2 



25-9 

 29-5 

 33-1 

 35-6 



31-0 



16-9 

 17-6 

 16-5 

 18-3 



17-3 



18-3 

 20-8 

 199 

 27*0 



21-5 



17-2 

 18-3 

 20-1 

 29-1 



21-2 



5-6 

 1-1 



4-4 

 3-7 



3-7 



3-3 

 2-7 

 6 

 4-3 



3-0 



-4-1 

 36 

 8-3 

 6-3 



3-5 



7-2 

 13-9 

 11-0 

 14-0 



11-5 



3-4 

 3-1 

 3-3 



6-7 



4-1 



- 4-8 



- 6-1 



- 9-7 



- 9-6 



- 7-6 



- 7-9 



- 6-3 

 -10-1 



- 4-3 



- 6-9 



- 5-3 



- 8-1 



- 9-7 

 0-2 



- 5-7 



- 65 



- 9-5 

 -177 

 -18-7 



-13-1 



-11-5 

 -11-6 

 -18-2 

 -13-6 



-13-7 



- 6-7 

 -13-7 

 -14-4 



- 4-0 



- 97 



19 3 

 20-6 

 21-4 

 23-1 



21-1 



22-3 

 24-0 

 24-9 

 29-1 



25-1 



19-8 

 22-3 

 25-0 

 29-0 



24-0 



The 9 P. M. Readings are not given for Pilatus. 



stations remained practically normal for these four days, and it was only in the lowest 

 strata of the atmosphere that the usual change of temperature with height was reversed. 

 Closely connected with these temperatures are the humidities ; where the air was warm, 

 it was dry ; where cold, moist — the opposite of what takes place in a cyclone. At 

 Pilatus and Rigi, unfortunately, humidity values are not given, but at Santis on these 

 four days the humidity at 7 a.m. ranged from 43 to 26 per cent., averaging 33. At 

 Chaumont the mean was 81, while at Zurich and most other stations near, the air was 

 practically saturated. At Santis at 7 a.m. the mean barometer for the four days was 

 21*956, and at Zurich, 28*240, a difference of 6'284 inches. Similarly, at 1 p.m. the 

 Santis barometer was 21*948, and the Zurich, 28*205, a difference of 6*257 inches. 

 The averages of the Santis and Zurich temperatures at these hours were — at 7 a.m., 

 21 '1 ; and at 1 p.m., 25*1 (see table above) ; but the differences of barometric 

 pressure between stations at the heights of Santis and Zurich, with such sea-level 

 pressures as Zurich when reduced indicates, and for these temperatures 21*1 and 25*1 

 are, respectively, 6*355 and 6*311 (see Challenger Reports, "Physics and Chemistry," 

 vol. ii. p. 50). 



Now the actual differences of pressure — 6*284 and 6*257 — being less than the above 

 computed differences by 0*071 and 0*054 inch respectively, these Santis-Zurich results 

 agree in all respects with the Ben Nevis-Fort- William observations during similar anti- 

 cyclonic weather. We have the same vertical arrangement — or rather disarrangement 

 — of temperature and of humidity, and departures in the same direction of the observed 



