CRANIOLOGY OF PEOPLE OF INDIA. 63 



moderate depth. The teeth were fully erupted except in D, in which the wisdoms had 

 not appeared, and they were in good order except in B, in which the crowns were much 

 worn. No skull was metopic, but the other cranial sutures were distinct and denticu- 

 lated. In two skulls Wormian bones were in the lambdoidal suture, and in one also in 

 the parieto-mastoid suture. In all, the ali-sphenoid and parietal articulated at the 

 pterion, but in C the junction was very narrow; in B a very small epipteric bone was 

 present in the suture. The muscular ridges and. processes were not strong except in A. 

 No skull had a 3rd occipital condyle or an exostosis in the external auditory meatus, 

 or a subdivision of the malar bone. One skull had a pair of short para-mastoid pro- 

 cesses : two had infra-orbital sutures. The interzygomatic breadth of the face invariably 

 exceeded the intermalar, Stephanie, and asterionic breadth ; in A the interzygomatic 

 breadth was slightly in excess of the parieto-squamous, and in B they were almost 

 equal. 



The lower jaw was moderate in size and with a deep symphysis in B ; the chin was 

 prominent ; the coronoid height did not greatly exceed the condyloid. The intergonial 

 width and gonio-symphysial length closely approximated to each other. 



The mean cephalic index was 71 '2 and the range of variation was from 69*4 to 75. 

 The crania were therefore dolichocephalic. The greatest length of the crania ranged from 

 176 to 180 mm., and the mean was 177*5 ; the greatest breadth ranged from 123 to 

 132 mm., and the mean was 126*5. The vertical index was 76, and the range of varia- 

 tion was from 7 4 "6 to 77'2. The crania were metriocephalic. The actual height of 

 the skulls ranged from 132 to 139 mm., and the mean was 135. In each skull the 

 basi-bregmatic height was greater than the parieto-squamous breadth. 



The nasio-mental length ranged from 98 to 112 mm., with a mean of 104 mm. ; the 

 interzygomatic breadth ranged from 118 to 128 mm., with a mean of 121*5. The com- 

 plete facial index ranged from 797 to 91 -8, with a mean of 84*8 ; the skulls, therefore, 

 were chamseprosopic or low-faced. The maxillary or upper facial index ranged from 

 46*9 to 53*4, with a mean of 50'2 ; in the proportion of its upper region, the face was 

 in the lowest term of the leptoprosopic group. 



• The mean gnathic index was 99*8, and the range of variation was from 96*9 to 

 104*4 ; the skulls, therefore, on the average, were mesognathous, though one was 

 orthognathous and another prognathous. The mean nasal index was 53*4, and the 

 range of variation was from 48*9 to 56*8 ; though the mean was just within the platy- 

 rhine group, two of the crania were mesorhine. The mean orbital index was 83, and 

 the range of variation was from 81*1 to 83*8. All the orbits were microseme. The 

 mean palato -maxillary index was 114*5, and the range of variation was from 105*3 to 

 122; the greatest palato-maxillary length was 56 mm. and the greatest breadth was 

 61 mm.; the skulls were in the mean mesuranic, though one was dolichuranic and tw r o 

 brachyuranic. 



The mean cubic capacity of the four crania was 1274*5 cub. cent, i.e., microcephalic, 

 to which category each cranium belonged. 



