CRANIOLOGY OF PEOPLE OF INDIA. 123 



foramen or supra-condylar process was present. The bones of the forearm, though 

 short, were well-proportioned and with distinct muscular impressions, but the styloid 

 processes were feeble. 



The dimensions were as follows : — 



Right. Left. 



Humerus, head to trochlea, . 253 mm. 246 mm. 



Eadius to tip of styloid, 



,, base „ 



Ulna to tip of styloid, . 

 articular surface, 



203 „ 201 

 200 „ 199 

 222 



222 



The radio-humeral index was 80 *2, or dolichokerkic,* a proportion which these bones 

 have in common with the Andaman Islanders and with the Negritos measured by Meyer 

 and Tungel and by Hamy, which expresses that the forearm was in its relation to the 

 upper arm proportionately longer than is found in Europeans. 



Lower Limb. — The right femur, tibia, fibula and tarsal bones had been sent to me. 

 The Femur, though small, was well-proportioned, and with strong muscular impressions. 

 The head showed the slight prolongation of the articular surface on to the upper part of 

 the anterior surface of the neck, which I have elsewhere named the extensor area, t The 

 upper end of the anterior intertrochanteric line was unusually strong, and indicated 

 that the ilio-femoral ligament which takes so important a part in the maintenance of 

 the erect attitude had been well developed. The gluteal ridge and the linea aspera were 

 strongly marked. The flattening of the upper third of the shaft which I described in 

 some aboriginal femora,^ and which Manouvrier has subsequently termed platymery, 

 was not present, and there was no external infra-trochanteric ridge distinct from the 

 gluteal ridge. The transverse diameter of the upper third of the shaft was 23 mm., the 

 antero-posterior 18 mm., and the index of platymery was 78. The transverse diameter 

 of the shaft opposite the nutrient foramen was 20 mm., the antero-posterior diameter was 

 23 mm., and the pilastric index was 115, which expresses the relatively strong pro- 

 jection of the linea aspera. The articular surface of the internal condyl was not 

 specially prolonged upwards and backwards. 



The Tibia was well-proportioned. The head was somewhat retroverted ; the internal 

 condylar surface was concave, the external was plano-concave. The shaft was not 

 platyknemic ; its breadth in the middle was 18 mm., its antero-posterior diameter 

 22 mm., and the index was 81*8. At its lower end the tibia had a well-marked 

 astragalar articular facet, prolonged to the front of the bone. Associated with this was 

 a corresponding prolongation of the upper articular surface on the astragalus, which was 

 almost continuous with the anterior convex surface for the scaphoid. So well defined 

 was this additional tibio -astragalar articulation that, as Arthur Thomson and Havelock 

 Charles have shown, the ankle joint must have been frequently acutely flexed as takes 



* For the use of this term see my CJiallenger Report on Human Skeletons, part xlvii., 1886. 

 t Address to section of Anthropology in British Association Reports, Toronto, 1897. 

 + Challenger Report, op. cit., page 97. 



VOL. XL. PART I. (NO. 6). S 



