

442 MR T. J. JEHU ON 



The channel between the two lakes is, for the greater part, shallow and full of huge 

 boulders, but at one point near the south side the sounding-line indicated a depth of 

 22 feet. This is not marked on the map. 



13. Llyn Crafnant. — This lake is situated in the wild hilly country between Capel 

 Curig and Trefriw. In form it is long and narrow, running from south-west to north-east, 

 and draining into the valley of the Conway. 



The surroundings of Crafnant are very striking, high hills appearing to shut it in on 

 all sides. Above the head of the lake the hills sweep around to form an irregular 

 amphitheatre, and Crafnant is widest in its upper reaches. Its width lessens gradually 

 as traced downwards, the hills encroaching from both sides, and finally converging so 

 as to render the lower end of the lake extremely narrow. The outflowing stream makes 

 its escape through a narrow gap or gorge between the hills. The hills rise to the heights 

 of over 1000 feet from the lake sides, but the slope is steeper from the left margin than 

 it is from the right. Near the head, especially towards the south side, the hills fall 

 back for a considerable distance. The main tributary stream — the Afon Hendre — flows 

 in at the head of the lake ; other streamlets run in on both sides, the largest of which is 

 one coming down Ceunant Pare on the left, near the upper end. 



Crafnant has at present an area of 297,300 square yards. The total length is 1390 

 yards, and so its average breadth comes to 214 yards, being 15 per cent, of its length. 

 The lake is widest not far from its upper end, reaching a maximum breadth of 320 

 yards. Near its foot it narrows to about 50 yards. At its upper end the lake is under- 

 going a silting-up process, and an alluvial tract now extends upwards for about a quarter 

 of a mile from its head, so that formerty the lake covered a considerably greater area. 



The axis of Llyn Crafnant is nearly straight, and the shore-lines do not show any 

 prominent irregularities. 



The work on Crafnant occupied the 10th and 11th of August 1900. During the 

 second day the wind was at times exceedingly troublesome. According to the Ordnance 

 Survey in May 1887, the surface of the water was 602"5 feet above sea-level. More 

 soundings were taken in this lake in proportion to its size than in any of the other 

 lakes, the total number amounting to 230. The greatest depth recorded was 7,1 feet 

 approximately near the middle of the lake. The total bulk of water is estimated to be 

 about 83 million cubic feet, and the mean depth comes to 31 feet, this being 44 per 

 cent, of the maximum depth. The deepest area, with depths of over 60 feet, lies a little 

 above the middle of the lake, at about equal distances from both margins. It corre- 

 sponds to 9 "4 per cent, of the total superficial area, and is somewhat pear-shaped in 

 form, the broadest part being near its lower end. Nearly 36 per cent, of the superficies 

 lies within the 40 feet contour-line, and this area, widest opposite the middle of the 

 lake, extends to within nearly equal distances of both ends. Its outline is irregular, 

 bulging out in the centre, and narrowing to form somewhat blunt terminations both 

 ways. 



The 20 feet line, enclosing 64*6 of the whole area, extends to within 100 yards of 



