CRANIOLOGY OF THE PEOPLE OF SCOTLAND. 579 



the vault was flattened. The nose was moderately prominent, and in a male the nasion 

 was depressed ; the maxillo-nasal spine was distinct, and the floor of the nose was 

 separated from the incisive region by a crest. The occipital longitudinal arc was in 

 each skull the shortest ; in two the frontal arc was the longest, in two the parietal 

 exceeded the frontal. 



The male crania in the glabello-occipital diameter were 198 and 187 respectively, the 

 female 181 and 182 ; the basi-bregmatic diameter in the men was 131 and 129, in the 

 women 124 and 119 mm. The maximum parieto-squamous diameter was 146 mm., 

 the minimum (a female) 130 mm., and the mean in the men was 144*5, in the 

 women 134 mm. In the two men the mean horizontal circumference was 538 mm., 

 the mean vertical transverse circumference was 430 ; the mean longitudinal circumference 

 was 519 mm. ; the mean cubic capacity was 1570 c.c. 



The cephalic index in the four crania ranged from 71'8 to 76'5 and the mean was 

 74*4 ; the skulls may be regarded as dolichocephalic, though two slightly exceeded the 

 upper limit of that group. The mean vertical index was 6 7 "2, and in each skull the 

 basi-bregmatic height was less than the greatest breadth. The mean gnathic index 

 was orthognathous, though one female skull slightly exceeded the upper limit of that 

 group. The complete facial index was 55*3, high-faced or leptoprosopic. One nasal 

 region had a low mesorhine index, the others were leptorhine. One orbit was microseme, 

 two mesoseme, one megaseme. In two skulls the palato-alveolar index was brachy- 

 uranic, in two hyperbrachyuranic. 



With the exception of small Wormian bones in the lambdoidal suture in two skulls, 

 and very simple sutures of the vault in a female skull, no special variations in the 

 ossification were observed. 



Forfarshire. Table XII. 



The collection of the Henderson Trust contains two skulls (H.T. 37, 39), both of 

 which were found in 1833 under the foundation of the steeple of the old church in 

 Montrose. No. 37, referred to in the Prehistoric Annals of Scotland, is a large male 

 skull which, judging from the cranial sutures, is of a person advanced in years ; the 

 facial bones are broken away. No. 39 is of much smaller capacity, with the alveolar 

 arcade absorbed, but with the sutures distinct ; it is apparently a male. 



Norma verticalis. — No. 37 was rounded in outline and flattened in the parieto- 

 occipital region. No. 39 was more elongated and with the occipital squama convex. 

 They were both flattened on the vertex, and sloped gently from the sagittal suture to 

 the parietal eminences, with the side walls slightly bulging. No. 37 was hyperbrachy- 

 cephalic, with cephalic index 8 7 '2 ; No. 39 closely approached an index of 80. In 

 both the basi-bregmatic diameter was much below the greatest breadth. 



In both the glabella and supraorbital ridges were only feebly projecting ; the fore- 

 head only slightly receded. In No. 39 the nasion was not depressed, and the bridge of 



TRANS. ROY. SOC. EDIN., VOL. XL. PART III. (NO. 24). 4 r 



