584 • PROFESSOR SIR WILLIAM TURNER ON 



was more flattened in continuation with the flatness of the parietal region behind the 

 obelion. They were all cryptozygous. The parieto-squamous diameter in each skull 

 exceeded the interzygomatic. With one exception the Stephanie exceeded the asterionic 

 diameter. 



Norma lateralis. — The glabella and supraorbital ridges were well marked ; the fore- 

 head sloped slightly backward. The nose was prominent and with a strong bridge, 

 moderately concave forwards ; the nasion was somewhat depressed ; the maxillo-nasal 

 spine was distinct and the floor of the nose was separated from the incisive region 

 by a definite crest. The occipital arc in one skull was longer than the parietal ; in 

 another longer than either frontal or parietal ; in four skulls the frontal arc exceeded 

 the parietal, in one they were equal. 



The crania ranged in glabello-occipital diameter from 180 to 201 mm. and the mean 

 was 190"4 mm.; the basi-bregmatic diameter ranged from 138 to 142 mm., and the 

 mean was 139 '8 mm. The maximum parieto-squamous diameter was 155 mm., 

 minimum 146, and the mean was 149*8 mm. The mean horizontal circumference 

 was 547 '8 mm., the mean vertical transverse circumference was 452*4, the mean 

 longitudinal circumference was 525*8 mm.; the cubic capacity ranged from 1560 to 

 1770 c.c, and the mean was 1631 c.c. Both in external dimensions and interna] 

 capacity the Shetland skulls were characterised by their magnitude. 



The cephalic index ranged from 75*1 to 86*1 ; one was hyperbrachycephalic, the 

 others were mesaticephalic, though two approached the dolichocephalic standard ; the 

 mean of the series was 78*8, i.e. mesaticephalic. The mean vertical index was 73*4, and 

 in each skull the basi-bregmatic height was less than the greatest breadth. 



Owing to the alveolar absorption, the gnathic index could only be computed in two 

 skulls, in both of which it was orthognathous. In each skull the nose was narrow or 

 leptorhine ; in one the orbit was mesoseme, in the others rounded or megaseme. The 

 facial index was in the leptoprosopic or high-faced group. 



As regards individual peculiarities, two crania were metopic, one had a large inter- 

 parietal bone, the left third of which had a separate ossification ; three had several small 

 Wormian bones in the lambdoidal suture. One metopic skull had a small left epipteric 

 bone. No skull had a third occipital condyl or par- occipital process, though in two 

 the jugal processes were tuberculated. 



Perthshire. Table XIV. 



Only one skull has been obtained from this large county. It came from the Bridge 

 of Garry, at the foot of the pass of Killiecrankie. It is that of a man advanced in years, 

 but unfortunately is so much injured that only a few measurements could be taken. 

 The sutures of the cranial vault were ossified, and the teeth were much worn and 

 flattened on the crowns. The cranium in the occipital and right parietal regions was 

 marked with incisions extending through the outer table into the diploe as if from sword 



