CRANIOLOGY OF THE PEOPLE OF SCOTLAND. 611 



Summary. 



The customary characters of the Scottish skulls may be summarised as follows :— 

 The crania were generally capacious, with the vertical transverse arc rounded behind 

 the bregma, and they were not vertically flattened in the parieto-occipital region. The 

 mean length -breadth index was mesaticephalic, but many specimens were dolichocephalic, 

 and others brachycephalic. The mean vertical index was metriocephalic, though a con- 

 siderable proportion were chamaacephalic. The breadth was greater than the height, and 

 the crania were platychamsecephalic. The mean cubic capacity in the males was 1478 c.c, 

 in the females 1322 c.c. The face was usually orthognathous. sometimes mesognathous ; 

 the nose was prominent, long and narrow, leptorhiue ; the orbits had usually the vertical 

 diameter high in relation to the transverse, mesoseme or megoseme ; the face was 

 high in relation to the width, leptoprosopic ; the palato-alveolar arch varied in the 

 relations of length and breadth, but the form was frequently that of a wide horse-shoe. 

 The lower jaw had a well-defined angle, the body of the bone was massive in the 

 males, and with a pronounced chin. 



I have restricted myself in Part I. of this memoir to the consideration of the anatom- 

 ical characters of Scottish skulls as seen in the people of modern times along with a 

 few which are perhaps mediasval in date. To complete the subject it will be necessary 

 that skulls obtained in prehistoric burials in Scotland should be carefully examined. 

 For this purpose I have collected from time to time, as opportunities occurred, speci- 

 mens from different parts of Scotland, and have prepared descriptions which I hope to 

 communicate as a second part of the memoir to the Society before the end of the session. 

 In Part II. will also be discussed the characters of Scottish crania and heads in their 

 general ethnographical relations to prehistoric races in Britain, and to the people of the 

 adjoining part of the Continent of Europe. 



TRANS. ROY. SOC. EDIN., VOL. XL. PART III. (NO. 24). 4 x 



