THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE CANONBIE COALFIELD. 



849 



Narica variata, Phil]. 

 Naticopsis plicistria, Phill. 

 Ivania (Pleurotomaria) Ivani, Lev. 

 Trochus hisingerianus. 

 Conidaria quadrisulcata, Sow. 

 Orthoceras, sp. 

 Archichthys Portlocki, Ag. 



Ccelacanthus Upturns, Ag. ■ 

 Eurynotus aprion, Traq. 

 „ crenatus, Ag. 



Megalicldliys, sp. 

 Strepsodus sauroides, Ag. M.S. 

 Wardiclithys cyclosoma, Traq. 



2. 77a <? Lower Limestone Group. — As developed in Eskdale and Liddisdale, this 

 subdivision differs in one important aspect from that just described. While the group 

 as a whole consists of a constant alternation of sandstones, shales, fireclays, thin coals, 

 and limestones, its distinctive feature is the massive nature of some of the limestones 

 and their true marine character. The latter are admirably seen in the Liddel Water at 

 Penton Linns, at Harelaw Hill quarry, and in the Esk above Gilnockie bridge. The 

 following sequence is visible in the lower quarry of Harelaw Hill. 



8. Thin black shale. 



7. Grey solid limestone, 4 feet. 



6. Black shales with ironstone nodules, 15-20 feet. 



5. Grey solid limestone, 20-22 feet. 



4. Fossiliferons black shales, 1 foot 6 inches. 



3. Grey limestone, 3h feet. 



2. Black shale. 



1. Coal, 1 foot. 



The fossils given in the annexed list which indicate true marine conditions have 

 been obtained from the limestone in Harelaw Hill quarry. 



Lithostrotion junceum, Flem. 



Hydreionocrinus glabularis, De Kon. 



Dithyrocaris, sp. 



Phillipsia semmifera, Phill. 



Polyzoa, 



Chonetes laguessiana, De Kon. 



Productus gigantcus, Mart. 



„ longispinus, Sow. 



., semireticulcdus, Mart, 

 sp. 



Spirif&ra lineata, Mart. 



„ trigonalis, Mart. 



„ ,, var. bmdcata, Sow. 



Terebratidn lni.stii.ta, Sow. 

 Aviculopecten ccelatus, M'Coy. 



„ Geikiei, Eth. 



Edmondia sulcata, Phill. 

 Sanguinolites striato-lamellosus, De Kon. 

 Euomphalus carbonarius, Sow. 

 Orthoceras sulcatum, Flem. 



The section exposed in the Esk between Glencartholm and Gilnockie bridge 

 furnishes favourable opportunities for studying the members of this subdivision when 

 the river is low. The strata are affected by numerous small folds and faults, but on 

 the whole there is an ascending sequence, with an inclination to the south or south-east. 

 In that part of the section between G ilnockie Tower and Canonbie Mills the limestones 

 are well displayed in the bed and banks of the river, where they are richly charged 

 with corals, brachiopods, cephalopods, and other organic remains. The subjoined list 

 gives the fossils from the limestone and calcareous shales in the Esk near Gilnockie 

 lower. 



Chcetctcs septosus, Flem. 

 Clisiophyllwin, sp. 

 Lithostrotion aranea, M'Coy. 

 „ juiiceuvi, Flem. 



Portlochi, M. Edw. 

 Zaplircntis Enniskilleni, Edw. and Haime 

 ., Phillipsi, Edw. and Haime. 



Poteriocrinus crassus, Miller. 

 Crinoid stems. 

 Stenopora Houxlli, Nich. 

 Athyris ujnbigua, Sow. 



„ Roysii, Lev. 

 Camarophoria crumena, Mart. 

 Chonetes com aides, Sow. 



