852 



DR B. N. PEACH AND DR J. HORNE ON 



Description of strata : 



Fms. 



Ft. 



Ins. 



Description of strata : 



Fms 



Ft. 



Ins 



Brought forward 



67 



5 



6 



Brought forward 



81 







8 



Soft fakes . . . . . 











2 



Fakey sandstone 







2 



10 



Coarse sandstone, white 



o 



3 



8 



White sandstone 



2 



'•> 



10 



Blue hlaes and sandstone . 







1 







Fakey sandstone 



1 



2 



5 



Coarse sandstone 







3 



7 



Blue fakes .... 







3 



(i 



Blaes .... 











2 



Blue blaes .... 



1 







8 



Coarse sandstone 







1 



5 



Blaes and limestone . 







3 







Blaes, blue 











2 



Limestone 







2 



8 



White sandstone 







2 



6 



Limey fakes . . . . 



1 



3 



6 



Fakes and sandstone . 







4 



10 



Blue blaes, limey 







4 







White sandstone 











4 



Blue blaes .... 



1 







2 



Fakes, blue 







2 



2 



Blue blaes and balls . 







4 







Fakes and blaes . 



1 











Blue blaes, limestone ribs . 







4 



8 



Gray fakes 







1 



3 



Limestone 



12 



5 



9 



1 ikes and limestone . 







1 







Coal and sandstone 











8 



Limestone 







2 







Sandstone, white 







3 



9 



Gray sandstone . 







3 



9 



Dark gray fakes . 







5 



7 



Limey fakes 



1 



1 



2 



Coarse coal 











7 



Blue blaes .... 



] 











Light fireclay, soft 







3 







Limestone 



3 



1 



6 



Limestone, brown and gray 



2 











Coal . . . 











6 



Tntnl 









1 in 



1 



:? 



Carry forward 81 8 



3. Kilnholm Coal Group. — Above the marine limestones just described there is a 

 group of thin coals which, though of little economic value, are of considerable importance 

 from a stratigraphical point of view. Their relative position to the underlying marine 

 limestones of Penton Linns is defined in the Liddel section above Penton bridge, where 

 several thin coals are visible in the banks of the stream, one of which was formerly 

 wrought at Kilnholm. There the sandstones, shales, and thin coals, varying from a few 

 inches to a foot or more in thickness, have an easterly dip, and follow in natural sequence 

 the Penton limestones. They are also visible in the railway section on the English side 

 near Penton House. 



In the Esk section, between Gilnockie bridge and the foot of Byre Burn, on an 

 anticlinal fold of the strata, thin coal-seams also appear which are probably on this 

 horizon. 



The relative position of this group of thin coal-seams to the Lower Coal-measures of 

 Eowanburn has also been jn'oved in the Eowanburnhead bore (see Plate II.), where 

 they occur underneath the upper limestones. On this horizon six seams were passed 

 through in this bore, five of them being less than one foot thick, and the sixth measur- 

 ing two feet four inches (see journal of bore, p. 855). Again, in the Catsbit bore (see 

 Plate II.) several thin coal-seams were pierced above the massive lower limestones, all 

 of which, with one exception, are of no economic importance. 



In the sequel, evidence will be adduced pointing to the conclusion that the Kilnholm 

 coals occupy the position of the Lickar coals of Northumberland, which have been 

 correlated with the Edge coals of the Carboniferous Limestone series of central 

 Scotland. It is evident, therefore, that there is a marked difference in the economic 

 value of this coal-bearing group to the north and south of the Silurian tableland in 

 Scotland. 



