1900] Undersøgelser i fjordene ved Bergen 1899. 33 
(allogenetie). Of Kuchæta norvegica, e. g., I have several times 
found juniores and females with ovisacks. The above mentioned 
copepods may be considered as reliets from the planktonfauna of 
the Scandinavian glacial period. 
The month of February shows the annual minimum of the 
plankton. 
In November, which month is distinguished by a strong re- 
duetion of the diatoms (transition to winter conditions), the surface 
layers have åa higher temperature than in April, when diatoms are 
flourishing. We may therefore conelude that light is as important 
to the vegetable plankton as warmth. The moment of the sudden 
oceurrence af great numbers of diatoms in the spring (end of March) 
takes place before the surface temperature begins to rise. 
The plankton copepods that may appear in multitudes in the 
Bergen fjords and the adjacent coast ocean (copepods designated 
by the marks ce or ce in the lists) are the following: 
R 
Calanus finmarehieus, 
Pseudocalamus elongatus, 
Centropages hamatus”), 
Temora lomgicormis, 
Anomalocera patersomi, 
Acartia lomgiremis, 
Oithona similis, 
Microsetella atlantica. 
Fom the northern fjords Mr. Gran (7, p. 50) has mentioned 
those copepods ,thath appear in such great quantities, that they 
determine the character of the plankton.* Mr. Gran gives the 
following speeifieation: 
Calanus finmarehieus, 
Pseudocalanus elongatus, 
Oithona similis, 
Microsetella atlantiea. 
) Of Centropages typicus I have this autumn found å great many speci- 
mens in the stomachs of young green cods. It is therefore probable that this 
copepod may be added to the list. 
12 
