1907] 
Current-Measurement. 
11 
10  o’clock  9 cm.  per  second).  Tluis  tlie  mas  ses  of  water 
whicli  caused  the  rise  came  in  at  a depth  of  5 meters 
and  not  at  the  snrface. 
In  the  middle  portion  of  the  fiord,  where  there  was  a depth 
of  432  meters,  frequent  observations  were  taken  at  various  depths 
during-  the  course  of  7 hours  (5th  July).  In  the  upper  layer,  at  a 
depth  of  2 meters,  the  water  flowed  oulwards  the  whole  time  towards 
the  mouth  of  the  fiord  with  velocities  which  varied  between  2 and 
22  cm.  per  second.  At  a depth  of  5 meters  the  water  was  flowing- 
outwards  when  the  tide  was  ebbing-;  during-  the  rise  of  the  tide  the 
movement  was  almost  nil,  while  at  10  and  25  meters  the  curi-ent 
went  inwards.  This  is  obviously  an  elfect  of  the  tidal  chang>-es.  When 
the  tide  was  flowing,  the  snrface  current  out  of  the  fiord  was 
reduced;  but  not  reversed  as  was  the  case  at  10  to  20  meters, 
where  however  the  velocities  found  were  very  weak.  At  a depth  of 
50  meters  we  found  a decided  minimum  velocity,  and  it  is  worth  re- 
marking-  that  we  had  the  low  minimum  temperature  constantly  found 
in  Norwegian  fiords  in  summer-time  at  a depth  between  20  and  50 
meters.  At  100  meters  and  aetually  at  300  meters  the  movements 
were  nndoubtedly  stronger  than  at  50  meters,  even  though  the 
velocities  there  too  were  very  slight.  At  100  meters  the  water 
went  most  decidedly  inwards  into  the  fiord,  at  300  meters  it  flowed 
to  a certain  extent  aeross  the  length  of  the  fioi-d.  This  bottom- 
water  of  the  fiord  was  of  Atlantic  origin,  the  salinitics  being  higlier 
than  35  per  mille. 
During  our  observations  in  the  Sule  Fiord  (St.  304)  there 
was  a strong-  North  wind  blowing  for  several  hours,  and  apparently 
this  must  be  given  its  due  consideration  if  we  wish  to  get  a proper 
understanding  of  them.  At  one  meter’s  depth  the  water  flowed 
quite  unmistakably  against  the  wind  from  SE  to  N\V,  that  is  to 
say  in  a direction  which  may  be  characterised  as  outwards.  At  a 
depth  of  from  2 to  20  meters  the  Avater  came  sometimes  from  the 
North  and  sometimes  from  the  South;  from  the  North  occasionally 
Avith  a very  great  velocity  (up  to  50  cm.  per  second).  At  30 
meters  the  Avater  floAved  in  the  Avhole  time.  The  velocities  in  this 
layer  Avere  greatest  Avhen  the  AAund  Avas  at  its  height,  a condition 
Avhich  may  perhaps  .be  explaiued  by  assuming  that  the  original  slight 
velocity  in  this  layer  Avas  rendered  a high  velocity  OAving  to  the 
