40 CATALOGUE OF AMPHIBIA. 
C, Tongue broad, expanded ; front half attached by a central longi 
tudinal line; hinder half broad, expanded, free, erectile, ihe a 
those of ‘frogs. Sphenoid toothed. Carpus and Tarsus not ossified. 
— Desmognat hina. 
6. DESMOGNATHUS. 
Toes 4 before, 5 behind. Gape narrow. Body sabes mia 
Sphenoidal teeth in two narrow patches attached to the edges of 
the sphenoidal bone. Occipital condyles very peculiar in consist- 
ing of short cylinders projecting from the exoccipitals with their 
axes parallel to that of cranium, and their extremities forming 
a spherically convex articulating surface. Crest of the first cer- 
vical vertebra transverse, with a strong ligament passing from 
_ each end across the posterior corner of the cranium to be in- 
serted into the lower jaw. These ligaments prevent the opening 
of the jaw beyond a very slight amount. Baird, \. ¢. 282. 
Desmognathus Baird, J. Acad. N. S. Philad. U.S. 1, 282. 1849. 
Triturus sp. Rafin. Annals of Nat. 1820. 
Pseudotriton sp. Tschudi, Batr. 93. 
Triton sp. Holbrook, N. A. Herp. 93. 
Salamandra sp. Green. 
1. DESMOGNATHUS NIGER. 
“Black above. Sides with a few whitish spots. Abdomen purplish. 
Tail round at the base, compressed, two-edged at the tip. 
Tongue suboval, thin, broader behind, narrow and adherent in 
front, loose and most movable at its hinder edge. Palatine 
teeth in a transverse line. Sphenoid with a longitudinal series 
of teeth.” Holbrook. 
Salamandra nigra Green, J. A. N, S. Philad. 352. 1818; Harlan, M. 
and Ph. Res. i. 99., N. A. Rept. 16.; Schlegel, Faun. Japon. 119. 
S. intermixta Green, Maclurian Lyceum, i. 5.; Harlan, N. A. 
Rept. 84. 
S. picta Harlan, M. and P. Res. 98., N. A. Rept. 17. 
Pseudotriton nigra Tschudi, Batr. 93. 
Triton nigra Holbrook, N. A. Herp. v. 81. t. 27. 
Desmognathus niger Baird, Batr. Amer. 286. 
Hab. Atlantic States, from lat. 43° to Gulf of Mexico. Aquatic. 
Mus. Acad. N. S. Phil. 
2. DESMOGNATHUS FUSCUS. 
“Head rather large; muzzle roundish. Body elongate, stout. 
Dusky purplish above, with two series of elongated sa 
Seis 
