OUTLINES OF BOTANY. XXX1X 
ae pilose, when the surface is thinly sprinkled with rather long simple 
airs. 
hispid, when more thickly covered with rather stiff hairs. 
hirsute, when the hairs are dense and not so stiff. 
downy or pubescent, when the hairs are short and soft; puberulent, 
when slightly pubescent. 
strigose, when the hairs are rather short and soft, and lie close along 
the surface all in the same direction; s¢rigil/ose, when slightly strigose. 
tomentose or cottony, when the hairs are very short and soft, rather 
dense and more or less intricate, and usually white or whitish. 
woolly (lanate), when the hairs are long and loosely intricate, like 
wool. The wool or tomentum is said to be jfloccose when closely intricate 
and readily detached, like fleece. 
mealy ( farinose), when the hairs are excessively short, intricate and 
white, and come off readily, having the appearance of meal or dust. 
canescent or hoary, when the hairs are so short as not readily to be 
distinguished by the naked eye, and yet give a general whitish hue to the 
epidermis. 
glaucous, when of a pale bluish-green, often covered with a fine 
bloom. 
174. The meanings here attached to the above terms are such as ap- 
pear to have been most generally adopted, but there is much vagueness in 
the use practically made of many of them by different botanists. This is 
especially the case with the terms pilose, hispid, hirsute, pubescent, and 
tomentose. 
175. The name of Glands is given to several different productions, and 
principally to the four following :— 
1. Small wart-like or shield-like bodies, either sessile or sometimes 
stalked, of a fungous or somewhat fleshy consistence, occasionally secreting 
a small quantity of oily or resinous matter, but more frequently dry. They 
are generally few in number, often definite in their position and form, and 
occur chiefly on the petiole or principal veins of leaves, on the branches 
of inflorescences, or on the stalks or principal veins of bracts, sepals, ot 
petals. 
2. Minute raised dots, usually black, red, or dark-coloured, of a 
resinous or oily nature, always superficial, and apparently exudations from 
the epidermis. They are often numerous on leaves, bracts, sepals, and green 
branches, and occur even on petals and stamens, more rarely on pistilss 
When raised upon slender stalks they are called pedicellate (or stipitate. 
glands, or glandular hairs, according to the thickness of the stalk. 
3. Small, globular, oblong or even linear vesicles, filled with oil, 
imbedded in the substance itself of leaves, bracts, floral organs, or fruits. 
They are often very numerous, like transparent dots, sometimes few and 
determinate in form and position. Jn the pericarp of Umbellifere they 
are remarkably regular and conspicuous, and take the name of viize. 
4. Lobes of the disk (1387), or other small fleshy excrescences 
within the flower, whether from the receptacle, calyx, corolla, stamens, or 
pistil. 
