lx>.vi INTRODUCTION. 
X. Polygalacez. Perianthveryirregular. Stamens 8, in two parcels ; 
petals united with them. Capsule 2-celled. 
XI. Frankeniacez. As in Caryophyllacez, except the parietal pla- 
centas. 
; *** Ovary syncarpous. Placentas axile. 
XII. Caryophyllacez. Leaves opposite, entire. Flowers regular. 
Stamens definite. Capsule 1-celled, with a free central placenta. 
XIII. Portulacez. As in Caryophyllacez, but only 2 sepals and 5 
or more petals. 
XIV. Tamariscines. Shrubs with alternate ereen scale-like leaves. 
Flowers regular. Capsule 1-celled. Seeds with a tuft of wool. 
XV. Elatinacez. As in the Pink family, but the capsule divided into 
cells. 
XVI. Hypericinez. Leaves opposite. Flowers regular. Sepals im- ~ 
bricate. Flowers indefinite, in 3 or 5 clusters or bundles. 
XVII. Linacez. Leaves entire. Petals convolute, distinct. Sta- 
mens definite. Capsule separating into carpels without leaving a cen- 
tral axis. 
XVIII. Malvacez. Sepals valvate. Petals convolute, adhering at 
the base to the staminal tube. Stamens indefinite, monadelphus, with 
1-celled anthers. 
XIX. Tiliacez. Trees. Sepals valvate. Petals free. Stamens in- 
definite. 
XX. Geraniacez. Petals convolute or very irregular. Stamens 
definite. Capsule with several cells and lobes round a persistent 
central axis. 
XXI. Aceraceze (genus or tribe of Sapindacee). Trees. Leaves 
opposite. Stamens definite, but seldom isomerous. Fruit separating 
4 
into 2 (rarely 3) winged nuts. ’; 
& 
Subclass 2. CALYCIFLORZ.—Petals usually distinct, and stamens 
perigynous or epigynous. [aceptions.—The petals are absent in some 
Rosaceze, Onagracez, Lythariez, Saxifragacez, Halorageze, and Loran- 
thacez. ‘The petals cohere more or less in some Aquifoliaceze, Cu- 
curbitaceze and Crassulacez. The stamens are hypogynous in some 
Saxifragacez, i in Droseracez, and are epipetalous in some Crassulacez. | 
* Stamens and petals mostly perigynous (except in the Crassulacee, 
Cucurbitaceee, and Ribesiaceee families). 
XXIT. Aquifoliacez. Shrubs or trees with small flowers. Petals 
shortly united at the base. Stamens alternating with them. No disk. 
Ovary syncarpous, free. 3 
XXIII. Celastracez. Shrubs or trees, with small regular green 
flowers. Stamens alternating with the petals, on a disk lining the 
base of the calyx. 
XXIV. Rhamnacez. Asin Celastracen, but the stamens are opposite 
the small concave or scale-like petals. 
XXV. Papilionaceze (a tribe of Leguminosze). Flowers very irregular, 
papilionaceous. Stamens 10, all, or 9 of them, combined. Ovary of one 
carpel. 
XXVI. Rosacez. Flowers regular. Stamens indefinite. Ovary (at 
least when young) apocarpous. 
