34 THE CRUCIFER FAMILY. “{Siegmbaee 
slightly toothed lobes, the terminal one 1 to 14 inches long, the 
others smaller, often curved backwards ; the upper leaves sometimes 
undivided and hastate. Flowers very small and yellow. Pods about 
6 lines long, thick at the base, tapering to the point, more or less 
hairy, almost sessile, and closely pressed against the axis, in long, 
slender racemes, the midribs of the valves almost as prominent as in © 
Erysumum. 
In waste places, and by roadsides, common throughout Hurope and 
Russian Asia, except the extreme north. Abundant in Britain, rarer in 
the north of Scotland. Fl. summer. 
2. S. Irio, Linn. (fig. 71). London Rocket.—An erect annual, with a 
hard stem, a foot high or more, and glabrous or nearly so. Leaves — 
deeply pinnatifid or pinnate, the lobes or segments lanceolate, more 
numerous and larger than in S. officinale. Flowers small and yellow. 
Pods on more or less spreading pedicels, 14 to 2 inches long, often all 
turned to one side, forming a dense, erect raceme. 
In waste places, ‘and by roadsides, in central and southern Europe to 
the Caucasus. Rare in Britain, and chiefly recorded from the neigh- 
bourhood of London, Berwick, and Dublin. Fl. swmmer. [Called London 
Rocket from having sprung up amongst the ruins of the Fire of London 
in 1666.] 
3. S. Sophia, Linn. (fig. 72). Rijeueed =a erect annual, a foot 
high or rather more, not so coarse as the last two, and somewhat hoary 
witha very short down. Leaves two or three times divided into numerous 
short linear segments. Flowers small and yellow. Pods slender and 
glabrous, 9 to 12 lines long, on slender, spreading pedicels, forming loose, 
terminal, erect racemes. 
In waste places, by roadsides, &c., in Europe and northern Asia, 
from the Arctic Circle to the Mediterranean, the Caucasus, and 
Himalaya, and in northern America; thinly scattered through Britain. 
Fl, summer. 
IX. ALLIARIA. ALLIARIA. 
A single species, associated by some with Sisymbrium, by others with 
Erysimum ; differing from the former by the valves of the pod, with a 
prominent midrib, as in Frysimum; from the latter by white flowers, 
and a more cylindrical pod; from both by a peculiar habit of foliage, 
and by the striate seed, of which the short stalk is more distinctly 
expanded (within the pod) into a broad white membrane. 
1. A. officinalis, Andrz. (fig. 73). Garlic-Mustard, Sauce-alone.— 
An erect annual or biennial, or sometimes of longer duration, 1 to 3 
feet high, smelling strongly of garlic when rubbed, glabrous, or with a 
few long hairs on the stem and the edges of the leaves. Lower leaves 
on long stalks, orbicular and crenate; those of the stem on shorter 
stalks, cordate, ovate, or triangular, coarsely toothed, 2 to 3 inches 
long and broad. Flower small and white. Pods on short, spreading 
stalks, stiff and glabrous, 1 to 14 inches long, nearly cylindrical, but 
with a very prominent midrib on each valve. Sisymbrium Alharia, 
Scop. £rysimum Alliaria, Linn. 
' Under hedges, in shady waste or cultivated places, over the greater 
part of Europe and western Asia, but not Arctic. Frequent in Britain, 
but decreasing much in northem and western Scotland. Jl. ie 
