Bpiran:) | XXVI. ROSACER. ) 131 
oblong or lanceolate segments, deeply toothed or pinnately lobed, 
gradually smaller as they near the stem, green and glabrous, or slightly 
downy. Stipules broad, adhering to the leafstalk nearly their whole 
length. Flowers like those of S. Ulimaria, but rather larger, and often 
tipped with red. Carpels 6 to 12, not twisted. 
In meadows, pastures, and open woods, generally dispersed over | 
Europe and Russian Asia, except the extreme north. Frequent in 
England, Scotland, and in a few localities in the west of Ireland. Fl. 
summer, 
ITI. DRYAS. DRYAS. 
Tufted or creeping perennials, with undivided leaves and rather 
large. white or yellowish flowers, growing singly on long peduncles. 
Calyx free, 8- to 10-lobed. Petals 8 to 10, or rarely fewer. Carpels 
numerous, crowded on the receptacle, 1-seeded and indehiscent, ending 
when ripe in long feathery awns or tails, which are not jointed. 
The genus consists of but two, or perhaps three species, confined to the 
high mountains or Arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and North America. 
1. D. octopetala, Linn. (fig. 804). White Dryas.—Stems short, 
much branched, prostrate or creeping, forming with their crowded 
foliage dense spreading tufts. Leaves but little more than 6 lines 
long, oblong, deeply and regularly crenate, green, glabrous, and almost 
shining above, white and downy underneath. Peduncles erect, 2 or 3 
inches long. Segments of the calyx usually 8, rather shorter than the 
petals. Feathered awn of-the carpels above an inch long. 
General geographical range nearly the same as that of the genus. 
In Britain, not uncommon in the limestone mountain districts of 
northern England and northern and western Ireland, but particularly 
abundant in the north of Scotland. Fl. swmmer. 
IV. GEUM. AVENS. 
ue with a short perennial, sometimes slightly creeping, stock, and 
annual erect stems. Leaves pinnate, with few and very unequal distinct 
‘segments, and yellow or red or white flowers growing singly on long 
peduncles at the ends of the stems or branches. Calyx of 5 equal 
divisions, with 5 very small outer ones alternating with them. Petals 
5. Stamens numerous. Carpels numerous, 1-seeded, indehiscent, end- 
ing in a hairy point or awn, which is hooked at the tip. 
A genus of several species, widely diffused over the temperate and 
colder regions of Hurope, Asia, and North America, aac descending 
along the Andes to extra-tropical South America. 
Stems branched. Petals small, yellow, spreading 1. G. urbanum. 
Stems simple or nearly so. Flowers sips Petals dull purple, 
scarcely spreading . : . 2 G. rivale. 
1. G. urbanum, Linn. (ae 305). Coinstita Al Herb- Bennet.—Stems 
erect, slightly branched, 1 to 2 feet high, nearly glabrous. Stipules 
large, leaf-like, the upper ones sometimes above an inch long and 
broad, and coarsely toothed or lobed. Leaves thin, light green, the 
_ lower ones with several large segments intermixed with small ones, 
the upper ones usually with only 8 large segments, or a single one 
